Mofrad Manije Darooghegi, Ahn Seoeun, Chun Ock K
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, United States.
Curr Med Chem. 2025 Jan 6. doi: 10.2174/0109298673342364241119114722.
INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVE: The responsiveness to dietary interventions is influenced by complex, multifactorial interactions among genetics, diet, lifestyle, gut microbiome, environmental factors, and clinical characteristics, such as the metabolic phenotype. Detailed metabolic and microbial phenotyping using large human datasets is essential for better understanding the link between diet, the gut microbiome, and host metabolism in cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This review provides an overview of the interplay between diet, genome, metabolome, and gut microbiome in CVD.
A literature review was conducted using PubMed and Scopus databases to identify pertinent cohort studies published between January 2022 and May 2024. This review focused on English articles that assessed the interplay of diet, genome, metabolome, and gut microbiome in relation to CVD in humans.
This narrative review explored the role of single-omics technologies-genomics, metabolomics, and the gut microbiome-and multi-omics approaches to understand the molecular basis of the relationship between diet and CVD. Omics technologies enabled the identification of new genes, metabolites, and molecular mechanisms related to the association of diet and CVD. The integration of multiple omics approaches allows for more detailed phenotyping, offering a broader perspective on how dietary factors influence CVD.
Omics approaches hold great potential for deciphering the intricate crosstalk between diet, genome, gut microbiome, and metabolome, as well as their roles in CVD. Although large-scale studies integrating multiple omics in CVD research are still limited, notable progress has been made in uncovering molecular mechanisms. These findings could guide the development of targeted dietary strategies and guidelines to prevent CVD.
引言/目的：对饮食干预的反应受到遗传、饮食、生活方式、肠道微生物群、环境因素以及临床特征（如代谢表型）之间复杂的多因素相互作用的影响。使用大型人类数据集进行详细的代谢和微生物表型分析对于更好地理解饮食、肠道微生物群与心血管疾病（CVD）中宿主代谢之间的联系至关重要。本综述概述了饮食、基因组、代谢组和肠道微生物群在CVD中的相互作用。
使用PubMed和Scopus数据库进行文献综述，以识别2022年1月至2024年5月期间发表的相关队列研究。本综述重点关注评估饮食、基因组、代谢组和肠道微生物群在人类CVD方面相互作用的英文文章。
本叙述性综述探讨了单组学技术（基因组学、代谢组学和肠道微生物群）以及多组学方法在理解饮食与CVD关系的分子基础方面的作用。组学技术能够识别与饮食和CVD关联相关的新基因、代谢物和分子机制。多种组学方法的整合允许进行更详细的表型分析，为饮食因素如何影响CVD提供更广阔的视角。
组学方法在解读饮食、基因组、肠道微生物群和代谢组之间复杂的相互作用及其在CVD中的作用方面具有巨大潜力。尽管在CVD研究中整合多个组学的大规模研究仍然有限，但在揭示分子机制方面已经取得了显著进展。这些发现可以指导制定针对性的饮食策略和指南以预防CVD。
