Xie Siheng, Seguin Bernard, Brownlee Lisa, Boller Manuel
Central Victoria Veterinary Hospital, VCA Canada, 760 Roderick Street, Victoria, British Columbia V8X 2R3 (Xie, Seguin, Brownlee, Boller); Department of Veterinary Clinical and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4Z6 (Boller).
Can Vet J. 2025 Jan;66(1):28-34.
A 9-year-old neutered male cairn terrier dog was initially presented because of inappetence, increased respiratory effort, and occasional coughing. A cavitary lung mass was diagnosed using CT and removed with lung lobectomy. Histopathology of the mass revealed necrosuppurative inflammation with acid-fast rod bacteria in macrophages, with spp. a possible cause. Routine bacterial culture of a lung-lesion swab was negative for growth. The dog improved and did not show any clinical signs for 9 mo after the surgery, at which time a second recheck CT scan and bloodwork revealed diffuse hepatopathy and peritoneal effusion. The dog was hospitalized 3 d after this recheck because of signs of acute abdomen with vomiting, melena, polyuria, and polydipsia. Cytology of liver fine-needle aspirates revealed marked pyogranulomatous inflammation with acid-fast rod bacteria in histiocytes; phylogenetic analysis of hsp65 PCR amplicons from that tissue identified sequences identical to No other bacteria were isolated on a routine bacterial culture of a liver swab. Hepatic mycobacteriosis was treated with long-term enrofloxacin, clarithromycin, and doxycycline. The dog improved slowly, and the liver enzymes returned to normal after 4 mo of treatment. This is the first reported case of infection in a dog. Diseases caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria such as are generally not reportable due to low risk of transmission between and to humans, but the zoonotic potential warrants further research in the future. Key clinical message: Dogs without overt immunodeficiency can be at risk of infection and can develop life-threatening pathology affecting multiple organs. However, clinical resolution can be achieved even in a severely affected dog. If is suspected, it is important to consult with diagnostic laboratories to ensure correct samples are obtained and correct analytical procedures are used.
一只9岁已绝育的雄性凯恩梗犬最初因食欲不振、呼吸费力增加和偶尔咳嗽而就诊。通过CT诊断出肺部有空洞性肿块，并进行了肺叶切除术将其切除。肿块的组织病理学显示为坏死性化脓性炎症，巨噬细胞内有抗酸杆菌，可能由分枝杆菌属引起。肺部病变拭子的常规细菌培养无生长。这只狗术后情况改善，9个月内未出现任何临床症状，此时再次进行CT扫描和血液检查发现弥漫性肝病和腹腔积液。这次复查3天后，这只狗因出现急性腹痛、呕吐、黑便、多尿和多饮等症状而住院。肝脏细针穿刺抽吸物的细胞学检查显示有明显的脓性肉芽肿性炎症，组织细胞内有抗酸杆菌；对该组织的hsp65 PCR扩增产物进行系统发育分析，确定其序列与分枝杆菌属相同。肝脏拭子的常规细菌培养未分离出其他细菌。肝分枝杆菌病采用长期恩诺沙星、克拉霉素和强力霉素治疗。这只狗恢复缓慢，治疗4个月后肝酶恢复正常。这是首例报道的犬分枝杆菌感染病例。由非结核分枝杆菌如分枝杆菌属引起的疾病通常因在人和动物之间传播风险低而无需上报，但这种人畜共患病的潜在风险值得未来进一步研究。关键临床信息：没有明显免疫缺陷的犬也有感染分枝杆菌的风险，并可能发展为危及生命的多器官病变。然而，即使是严重受影响的犬也能实现临床治愈。如果怀疑是分枝杆菌感染，重要的是咨询诊断实验室以确保获取正确的样本并采用正确的分析程序。
