Daiy Katherine, Wiley Kyle, Allen Jacob, Bailey Michael T, Dettmer Amanda M
Department of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA.
J Dev Orig Health Dis. 2025 Jan 9;16:e1. doi: 10.1017/S2040174424000400.
Early gut microbiome development may impact brain and behavioral development. Using a nonhuman primate model (), we investigated the association between social environments and the gut microbiome on infant neurodevelopment and cognitive function. Infant rhesus monkeys ( = 33) were either mother-peer-reared (MPR) or nursery-reared (NR). Neurodevelopmental outcomes, namely emotional responsivity, visual orientation, and motor maturity, were assessed with the Primate Neonatal Neurobehavioral Assessment (PNNA) at 14-30 days. Cognitive development was assessed through tasks evaluating infant reward association, cognitive flexibility, and impulsivity at 6-8 months. The fecal microbiome was quantified from rectal swabs via 16S rRNA sequencing. Factor analysis was used to identify "co-abundance factors" describing patterns of microbial composition. We used multiple linear regressions with AIC Model Selection and differential abundance analysis () to evaluate relationships between co-abundance factors, microbiome diversity, and neuro-/cognitive development outcomes. At 30 days of age, a gut microbiome co-abundance factor, or pattern, with high and ( = -0.88, = 0.04, AIC Weight = 68%) and gut microbiome alpha diversity as measured by Shannon diversity ( = -1.33, = 0.02, AIC Weight = 80%) were both negatively associated with infant emotional responsivity. At 30 days of age, being NR was also associated with lower emotional responsivity (Factor 1 model: = -3.13, < 0.01; Shannon diversity model: = -3.77, < 0.01). The infant gut microbiome, along with early-rearing environments, may shape domains of neuro-/cognitive development related to temperament.
早期肠道微生物群的发育可能会影响大脑和行为发育。我们使用非人类灵长类动物模型，研究了社会环境与肠道微生物群之间的关联对婴儿神经发育和认知功能的影响。33只恒河猴幼崽分别由母亲和同伴抚养（MPR）或在育婴室抚养（NR）。在14 - 30天时，使用灵长类新生儿神经行为评估（PNNA）评估神经发育结果，即情绪反应性、视觉定向和运动成熟度。在6 - 8个月时，通过评估婴儿奖励关联、认知灵活性和冲动性的任务来评估认知发育。通过16S rRNA测序从直肠拭子中对粪便微生物群进行定量。使用因子分析来识别描述微生物组成模式的“共丰度因子”。我们使用带有AIC模型选择的多元线性回归和差异丰度分析来评估共丰度因子、微生物群多样性与神经/认知发育结果之间的关系。在30日龄时，一个肠道微生物群共丰度因子或模式，其高 和 （ = -0.88， = 0.04，AIC权重 = 68%）以及通过香农多样性测量的肠道微生物群α多样性（ = -1.33， = 0.02，AIC权重 = 80%）均与婴儿情绪反应性呈负相关。在30日龄时，处于NR环境也与较低的情绪反应性相关（因子1模型： = -3.13， < 0.01；香农多样性模型： = -3.77， < 0.01）。婴儿肠道微生物群以及早期抚养环境可能会塑造与气质相关的神经/认知发育领域。
