Tomassini Luca, Lancia Massimo, Gambelunghe Cristiana, Ricchezze Giulia, Fedeli Piergiorgio, Cingolani Mariano, De Micco Francesco, Fiorucci Elena, Scendoni Roberto
International School of Advanced Studies, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy.
Forensic Medicine, Forensic Science and Sports Medicine Section, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 2025 Jan 9. doi: 10.1007/s12024-024-00934-0.
Hypothermia occurs when core body temperature drops below 35 °C. The purpose of this review was to identify and analyze studies on the topic of hypothermia from an immunohistochemical perspective to determine robust markers of fatal hypothermia.
This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines. It has been registered with Prospero (registration number: CRD42024572782).
In total, 2618 publications met the search criteria. A total of 63 duplicate articles were excluded and a further 2489 publications were excluded for not meeting the inclusion criteria, leaving 29 full-text articles. Furthermore, from the bibliographies of the included articles, four more publications were selected, which also respected the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Only six studies identified a statistically significant correlation between immunohistochemical patterns and hypothermia-related deaths.
The existing literature examined appears fragmented and lacks robust statistical validation. Therefore, there is an evident need for more comprehensive and methodologically rigorous research to develop reliable diagnostic criteria.
当核心体温降至35°C以下时会发生体温过低。本综述的目的是从免疫组织化学角度识别和分析关于体温过低主题的研究，以确定致命性体温过低的可靠标志物。
本系统综述遵循系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）报告指南。它已在国际前瞻性系统评价注册库（Prospero）注册（注册号：CRD42024572782）。
共有2618篇出版物符合检索标准。总共排除了63篇重复文章，另外2489篇出版物因不符合纳入标准而被排除，剩下29篇全文文章。此外，从纳入文章的参考文献中又选择了4篇出版物，这些出版物也符合既定的纳入和排除标准。只有6项研究确定免疫组织化学模式与体温过低相关死亡之间存在统计学上的显著相关性。
所审查的现有文献显得零散，缺乏有力的统计验证。因此，显然需要进行更全面和方法上更严谨的研究，以制定可靠的诊断标准。
