尼泊尔拉利特布尔区两个城市辖区内女性对抗菌素的知识、态度、行为及依从性的基线评估
Baseline assessment of knowledge, attitude, practice, and adherence toward antimicrobials among women living in two urban municipalities in Lalitpur district, Nepal.
作者信息
Jha Nisha, Kafle Sajala, Joshi Mili, Pandey Aakriti, Koirala Prakriti, Bhandary Shital, Shankar Pathiyil Ravi
机构信息
Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, KIST Medical College, Lalitpur, Nepal.
Department of Pharmacology, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur, Nepal.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2025 Jan 9;20(1):e0317092. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0317092. eCollection 2025.
INTRODUCTION
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant problem in developing, low- and middle-income countries like Nepal. Community engagement can be an important means to address the problem. Knowledge, attitude, practice, and adherence of women regarding antibiotics and AMR was studied.
METHODS
This baseline study was conducted in two urban municipalities of Lalitpur district as preparation for a larger intervention study (Mahalaxmi municipality will be the intervention and Godawari the comparison/control area). The study population was women belonging to the mother's groups of 45 female community health volunteers (FCHVs) from each municipality. The study was done from September 2023 to January 2024. A total of 1207 individuals (580 in Mahalaxmi and 627 in Godawari) were involved. Data on demographics, knowledge, attitude, practice, and adherence was collected using a pre-validated structured questionnaire.
RESULTS
The average age, educational status, monthly income, occupation, presence of respiratory disease, chronic diseases and communicable diseases were found to be not different among the two municipalities. Work experience, presence of respiratory disease and of health worker in the household was different in the baseline survey among the two locations. Knowledge was higher in Mahalaxmi municipality, but adherence was higher in Godawari municipality (p <0.0001). No significant difference was seen in attitude and practice scales. Knowledge, attitude, practice and adherence scores among different subgroups of respondents in the two municipalities were found to be significantly different for occupation (p <0.0001), and education (p <0.0001). The attitude scores were also significantly different according to presence/absence of respiratory disease in the household (p = 0.027).
CONCLUSION
At baseline the two study sites were broadly comparable in terms of participants' demographic characteristics. There was higher knowledge and lower adherence in Mahalaxmi municipality. An educational intervention to improve KAP and adherence is required and will be conducted.
引言
在尼泊尔等发展中、低收入国家，抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）是一个重大问题。社区参与可能是解决该问题的重要手段。本研究对女性关于抗生素和AMR的知识、态度、行为及依从性进行了调查。
方法
本基线研究在拉利特布尔区的两个城市市政当局开展，作为一项更大规模干预研究的准备工作（马哈拉克斯米市政当局将作为干预地区，戈达瓦里作为对照地区）。研究对象为来自每个市政当局的45名女性社区卫生志愿者（FCHV）母亲群体中的女性。研究于2023年9月至2024年1月进行。共有1207人参与（马哈拉克斯米580人，戈达瓦里627人）。使用预先验证的结构化问卷收集了人口统计学、知识、态度、行为和依从性方面的数据。
结果
发现两个市政当局在平均年龄、教育程度、月收入、职业、呼吸系统疾病、慢性病和传染病的存在情况方面没有差异。在基线调查中，两个地点在工作经验、呼吸系统疾病的存在情况以及家庭中卫生工作者的情况方面存在差异。马哈拉克斯米市政当局的知识水平较高，但戈达瓦里市政当局的依从性较高（p<0.0001）。在态度和行为量表方面未发现显著差异。两个市政当局不同受访者亚组在职业（p<0.0001）和教育程度（p<0.0001）方面的知识、态度、行为和依从性得分存在显著差异。根据家庭中是否存在呼吸系统疾病，态度得分也存在显著差异（p = 0.027）。
结论
在基线时，两个研究地点在参与者的人口统计学特征方面大致可比。马哈拉克斯米市政当局的知识水平较高，依从性较低。需要开展一项教育干预措施来改善知识态度行为及依从性，并且将会实施。
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