Wang Qing, He Lin-Bo, Li Sha, Liu Hong-Ling, Liu Yong
Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital,Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China.
Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital,Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, PR China.
Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2025 Feb;51:104475. doi: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104475. Epub 2025 Jan 7.
Utilizing Swept source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) investigates the changes in the vascular characteristics of the choriocapillaris and larger vascular layers, including Sattler's and Haller's layers, in the macular region of young myopia patients, in order to Enhance our comprehension of the underlying mechanisms of the pathogenesis of myopia.
A retrospective analysis was performed on 103 young adults (154 eyes) that underwent SS-OCTA. Axial lengths (AL) were measured, 64 eyes with AL < 26.5 mm as non-high myopia (NHM) and 90 eyes with AL ≥ 26.5 mm as high myopia (HM). Macular superficial capillary plexuses (SCP), deep capillary plexuses (DCP), choriocapillaris (CC) density, choroidal Sattler's and Haller's layers (CSHL) density, foveal avascular zone area (FAZ area), and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) were assessed. Multivariate regression analysis was employed to assess the effect of age,spherical equivalent(SE), axial length(AL),and SFCT on OCTA parameters.
SCP and DCP densities in the foveal retina of NHM group were significantly lower than those in HM group(SCP 20.09 ± 4.30 vs. 21.54 ± 4.52, p = 0.043;DCP14.73 ± 3.93 vs. 16.21 ± 4.07, p = 0.024). Also, CC density subfoveal was significantly lower in NHM group compared to HM group(55.02 ± 2.39 vs. 56.37 ± 2.76, p = 0.0001); CSHL density subfoveal and parafoveal temporal were also significantly lower in NHM than HM(subfoveal 55.78 ± 4.67 vs. 58.17 ± 4.41, p = 0.002;parafoveal temporal 52.10 ± 3.48 vs. 54.06 ± 4.12, p = 0.002). In the multiple linear regression analysis, density of SCP in the foveal retina was increased with higher myopia(sβ=0.226, p = 0.047)and decreased with aging(sβ=-0.304, p = 0.001). Moreover, gradual decrease of the DCP was observed with aging(sβ=-0.227, p = 0.004). CSHL density subfoveal increased with the increase in AL(sβ=0.318, p = 0.007).
Age primarily influenced retinal vessel density, whereas axial length significantly affected Sattler's and Haller's layers. This also indicates that the subfoveal and parafoveal temporal CSHL densities are crucial for monitoring changes during myopia progression. Additionally, there appears to be a compensatory mechanism for high myopia to sustain visual function.
利用扫频源光学相干断层扫描血管造影（SS-OCTA）研究年轻近视患者黄斑区脉络膜毛细血管层以及包括萨特勒层和哈勒层在内的较大血管层的血管特征变化，以加深我们对近视发病机制的理解。
对103名接受SS-OCTA检查的年轻成年人（154只眼）进行回顾性分析。测量眼轴长度（AL），将64只AL<26.5mm的眼作为非高度近视（NHM），90只AL≥26.5mm的眼作为高度近视（HM）。评估黄斑区浅表毛细血管丛（SCP）、深层毛细血管丛（DCP）、脉络膜毛细血管（CC）密度、脉络膜萨特勒层和哈勒层（CSHL）密度、中心凹无血管区面积（FAZ面积）以及中心凹下脉络膜厚度（SFCT）。采用多元回归分析评估年龄、等效球镜度（SE）、眼轴长度（AL）和SFCT对OCTA参数的影响。
NHM组中心凹视网膜的SCP和DCP密度显著低于HM组（SCP：20.09±4.30对21.54±4.52，p = 0.043；DCP：14.73±3.93对16.21±4.07，p = 0.024）。此外，NHM组中心凹下CC密度显著低于HM组（55.02±2.39对56.37±2.76，p = 0.0001）；NHM组中心凹下和中心凹旁颞侧的CSHL密度也显著低于HM组（中心凹下：55.78±4.67对58.17±4.41，p = 0.002；中心凹旁颞侧：52.10±3.48对54.06±4.12，p = 0.002）。在多元线性回归分析中，中心凹视网膜的SCP密度随近视程度增加而升高（标准化β系数=0.226，p = 0.047），随年龄增长而降低（标准化β系数=-0.304，p = 0.001）。此外，观察到DCP随年龄逐渐降低（标准化β系数=-0.227，p = 0.004）。中心凹下CSHL密度随AL增加而升高（标准化β系数=0.318，p = 0.007）。
年龄主要影响视网膜血管密度，而眼轴长度显著影响萨特勒层和哈勒层。这也表明中心凹下和中心凹旁颞侧的CSHL密度对于监测近视进展过程中的变化至关重要。此外，高度近视似乎存在一种维持视觉功能的代偿机制。
