Farial Krache, Malika Boualem, Fouzia Benourad, Nabil Touzout, Adil Mihoub, Danish Subhan, Alharbi Sulaiman Ali, Ansari Mohammad Javed, Alarfaj Abdullah A
Department of Agronomic Sciences, Institute of Natural and Life Sciences, Morsli Abdellah University Center, Tipaza, Algeria.
Laboratory of Applied Animal Physiology, Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University, Mostaganem, Algeria.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 9;15(1):1411. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-85606-x.
Tuta absoluta is one of the most destructive pests of tomatoes. Chemical insecticides used to control this leafminer harm all organisms, increasing the risk to public health and the environment. Developing natural alternatives, such as bioinsecticides formulated from essential plant oils, is a key strategy to address this problem. These volatile compounds, derived from the secondary metabolic pathways of plants, exhibit targeted activity against specific pest species. Their use is consistent with an environmentally responsible framework that reduces adverse impacts on ecosystems, protects non-target organisms, safeguards human health, and enhances the efficacy of integrated crop management systems. This study aims to determine the chemical composition of the essential oils (EOs) of from round leaf mint (Mentha rotundifolia) and crown chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum coronarium) and to evaluate their toxicity to T. absoluta larvae in-vitro. The chemical composition of EOs obtained by steam distillation from the leaves of the plants was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Indeed, 77 volatile compounds representing 98.19% of the total oil of M. rotundifolia, including cyclobutane acetonitrile, 1-methyl-2-(1-methyl ethenyl)-, terpinene-4-ol, p-menthane, germacrene D, caryophyllene and myrcene, were the main compounds. However, farnesene, myrcene, eugenol, germacrene D, phytol, and pinene were significant components among 69 compounds representing 95.39% of the total oil of C. coronarium. Results showed that the EOs were toxic to the different larval stages. According to the Finney method, concentrations 2.88 and 1.07% are the LC50 of M. rotundifolia and C. coronarium oils, which induce 50% mortality of T. absoluta within 7 days of exposure. Statistical analysis of in-vitro tests showed that both EOs had a similar level of insecticidal efficacy by contact. The overall results showed that the oils used have been shown to have an important insecticidal effect and can be used as a source of biological and natural treatment against tomato leafminer (TLM).
番茄潜叶蛾是番茄最具破坏性的害虫之一。用于防治这种潜叶虫的化学杀虫剂会危害所有生物，增加对公众健康和环境的风险。开发天然替代品，如由植物精油配制的生物杀虫剂，是解决这一问题的关键策略。这些挥发性化合物源自植物的次生代谢途径，对特定害虫物种具有靶向活性。它们的使用符合对环境负责的框架，可减少对生态系统的不利影响，保护非目标生物，保障人类健康，并提高作物综合管理系统的功效。本研究旨在确定圆叶薄荷（Mentha rotundifolia）和茼蒿（Chrysanthemum coronarium）精油的化学成分，并评估它们对番茄潜叶蛾幼虫的体外毒性。通过水蒸气蒸馏从植物叶片中获得的精油的化学成分，采用气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）进行分析。事实上，代表圆叶薄荷总油98.19%的77种挥发性化合物，包括环丁烷乙腈、1-甲基-2-（1-甲基乙烯基）-、萜品烯-4-醇、对薄荷烷、吉马烯D、石竹烯和月桂烯，是主要化合物。然而，法呢烯、月桂烯、丁香酚、吉马烯D、叶绿醇和蒎烯是代表茼蒿总油95.39%的69种化合物中的重要成分。结果表明，这些精油对不同幼虫阶段均有毒性。根据芬尼法，2.88%和1.07%的浓度分别是圆叶薄荷油和茼蒿油的半数致死浓度（LC50），在暴露7天内可导致番茄潜叶蛾50%的死亡率。体外试验的统计分析表明，两种精油通过接触具有相似水平的杀虫效果。总体结果表明，所使用的精油已显示出重要的杀虫作用，可作为防治番茄潜叶蛾的生物和天然处理来源。
