绝望对护理专业学生移民意向的影响：路径分析
Impact of hopelessness on migration intentions of nursing students: a path analysis.
作者信息
Berşe Soner, Karacan Emine, Zivdir Yeşılyurt Pelin, Güngörmüş Zeynep
机构信息
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey.
Health Services Vocational School, Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University, Gaziantep, Turkey.
出版信息
BMC Nurs. 2025 Jan 9;24(1):29. doi: 10.1186/s12912-024-02667-5.
BACKGROUND
Brain drain refers to the migration of qualified professionals to developed countries in search of better living and working conditions, and has become a global concern, particularly in the healthcare sector. Migration of highly skilled nurses results in increased workload for the remaining nursing staff, limited access to quality healthcare services, and contributes to disparities in healthcare. Therefore, nursing students represent a critical demographic group for understanding the drivers of brain drain in the healthcare sector.
PURPOSE
This study aimed to assess the levels of hopelessness experienced by nursing students in Turkey throughout their education and to examine the impact of hopelessness on their decisions to move abroad.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study was conducted on 795 students enrolled in the nursing departments of two public universities in Gaziantep. Data were collected using a Demographic Data Form, the Beck Hopelessness Scale, and the Attitudes Towards Brain Drain Scale. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 24.0 statistical software.
RESULTS
57% of the nursing students considered moving abroad, with 20.2% preferring Germany. The primary reasons for their desire to migrate included poor living conditions (11.1%), economic problems (12.9%), unfavorable working conditions (8.3%), and educational challenges (5.4%). The findings highlight the significant role of future hopelessness in influencing the migration intentions of nursing students.
CONCLUSION
More than half of Turkish nursing students consider moving abroad to seek better working conditions, higher living standards, financial gains and educational opportunities, with Germany being their top destination country. Despite low levels of hopelessness observed among the students, the tendency for migration persisted. A retention policy needs to be developed with strategic actions to prevent nurses from migrating to other countries.
CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER
not applicable.
背景
人才外流是指合格的专业人员为寻求更好的生活和工作条件而移民到发达国家，这已成为一个全球关注的问题，尤其是在医疗保健领域。高技能护士的移民导致其余护理人员的工作量增加、获得优质医疗服务的机会有限，并加剧了医疗保健方面的差距。因此，护理专业学生是了解医疗保健领域人才外流驱动因素的关键人群。
目的
本研究旨在评估土耳其护理专业学生在整个学习过程中所经历的绝望程度，并探讨绝望对他们出国决定的影响。
材料与方法
该研究对加济安泰普两所公立大学护理系的795名学生进行。使用人口统计学数据表、贝克绝望量表和对人才外流的态度量表收集数据。使用SPSS 24.0统计软件对数据进行分析。
结果
57%的护理专业学生考虑出国，其中20.2%倾向于德国。他们希望移民的主要原因包括生活条件差（11.1%）、经济问题（12.9%）、工作条件不利（8.3%）和教育挑战（5.4%）。研究结果突出了未来绝望感在影响护理专业学生移民意愿方面的重要作用。
结论
超过一半的土耳其护理专业学生考虑出国以寻求更好的工作条件、更高的生活水平、经济收益和教育机会，德国是他们首选的目的国。尽管学生中观察到的绝望程度较低，但移民倾向仍然存在。需要制定一项留住人才的政策，并采取战略行动防止护士移民到其他国家。
临床试验编号
不适用。
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