Patel Amit Kumar, Sharma Ashok Kumar, Seema Kumari, Kumar Abhay, Boipai Manju, Guria Rishi Tuhin, Sahu Upendra Prasad, Kumar Manoj
Department of Microbiology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
Department of Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2024 Dec;13(12):5604-5608. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_696_24. Epub 2024 Dec 9.
Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE), caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) is the most common cause of sporadic encephalitis that often presents as an emergency case of acute or sub-acute nature associated with poor prognosis. Early suspicion and prompt diagnostic testing with adequate antiviral therapy can only reduce morbidity and mortality associated with the disease. This study aims to evaluate the role of serological and molecular diagnosis of encephalitis caused by HSV 1 and 2 for timely detection of the disease.
This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Microbiology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Science, Ranchi, from April 2021 to September 2022. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected and processed for the detection of HSV DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as well as serum samples were collected from those patients and were processed for the detection of IgM by ELISA.
A total of 188 CSF samples were collected, out of which 4 HSV-1 and 1 HSV-2 samples were found to be positive by conventional PCR. 36 samples were positive for HSV-1 and 2 IgM ELISA. 26.06% of cases belonged to patients between 0 and 10 years of age followed by 17.06% in 51-60 years age groups.
PCR is the optimal diagnostic test, but the sample must be collected in the early stages of the disease. Diagnosis by PCR assay of CSF samples targeting HSV DNA is the best confirmatory test at hand for early detection and also helps in estimating the incidence of herpes simplex virus encephalitis.
由单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）引起的单纯疱疹病毒性脑炎（HSE）是散发性脑炎最常见的病因，常表现为急性或亚急性急症，预后较差。早期怀疑并及时进行诊断检测及充分的抗病毒治疗，才能降低该疾病相关的发病率和死亡率。本研究旨在评估HSV 1和2所致脑炎的血清学和分子诊断对于该疾病及时检测的作用。
本横断面研究于2021年4月至2022年9月在兰契市拉金德拉医学科学研究所微生物学系进行。收集脑脊液（CSF）样本，通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测HSV DNA，同时收集这些患者的血清样本，通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）检测IgM。
共收集188份CSF样本，其中4份HSV - 1样本和1份HSV - 2样本经传统PCR检测呈阳性。36份样本HSV - 1和2 IgM ELISA检测呈阳性。26.06%的病例为0至10岁患者，其次是51至60岁年龄组，占17.06%。
PCR是最佳诊断检测方法，但样本必须在疾病早期采集。针对CSF样本中HSV DNA进行PCR检测是目前早期检测的最佳确诊试验，也有助于估计单纯疱疹病毒性脑炎的发病率。
