微小染色体维持蛋白：从DNA复制到DNA损伤反应

Malysa Agnes, Zhang Xiaohong Mary, Bepler Gerold

Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 4100 John R Street, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.

Cells. 2024 Dec 26;14(1):12. doi: 10.3390/cells14010012.

The DNA replication machinery is highly conserved from bacteria to eukaryotic cells. Faithful DNA replication is vital for cells to transmit accurate genetic information to the next generation. However, both internal and external DNA damages threaten the intricate DNA replication process, leading to the activation of the DNA damage response (DDR) system. Dysfunctional DNA replication and DDR are a source of genomic instability, causing heritable mutations that drive cancer evolutions. The family of minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins plays an important role not only in DNA replication but also in DDR. Here, we will review the current strides of MCM proteins in these integrated processes as well as the acetylation/deacetylation of MCM proteins and the value of MCMs as biomarkers in cancer.

从细菌到真核细胞，DNA复制机制高度保守。准确的DNA复制对于细胞向下一代传递精确的遗传信息至关重要。然而，内部和外部的DNA损伤都会威胁到复杂的DNA复制过程，从而导致DNA损伤反应（DDR）系统的激活。功能失调的DNA复制和DDR是基因组不稳定的一个来源，会导致驱动癌症进展的可遗传突变。微小染色体维持（MCM）蛋白家族不仅在DNA复制中起重要作用，在DDR中也发挥重要作用。在此，我们将综述MCM蛋白在这些整合过程中的最新进展，以及MCM蛋白的乙酰化/去乙酰化情况，以及MCM作为癌症生物标志物的价值。