Velonis Alisa, Baeza Maria Jose, McGown Molly, Magaña Daisy, Maldonado Jasmine, O'Campo Patricia, Metheny Nicholas
Division of Community Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael's Hospital Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
PLoS One. 2025 Jan 10;20(1):e0314371. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0314371. eCollection 2025.
Latina women in the United States experience intimate partner violence (IPV) at high rates, but evidence suggests Latinas seek help for IPV at lower rates than other communities. Safety planning is an approach that provides those experiencing IPV with concrete actions to increase their safety and referrals to formal services. While safety planning is shown to reduce future incidences of violence, little is known about the safety planning priorities of Latinas.
This study leveraged Group Concept Mapping, a mixed-method process consisting of brainstorming, sorting, rating, and interpreting. First, 17 Latinas who were survivors of IPV and/or professional advocates generated responses to a focal prompt. Next, 19 participants pile-sorted a list of unduplicated responses into categories. Data were analyzed using multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis and results were iteratively refined by the study team. Forty-two Latina participants in Chicago and Miami rated each item based on its necessity for safety using two scenarios: if a survivor planned to leave a partner or remain in the relationship. Bivariate correlation analyses were used to examine differences in safety planning priorities across multiple axes. Finally, results were shared with participants for feedback and contextualization.
Combined, a total of 46 Latinas participated in data collection activities. Brainstorming and sorting data generated seven clusters of safety planning needs. Statistically significant differences in cluster rating were found for women who intended to leave a relationship (for whom legal services was most necessary) versus those who intended to stay (for whom safety planning services were critical) and those in Chicago versus those in Miami.
This study contributes to the small, but growing, literature regarding safety planning needs of Latinas in the US and illustrates potential ways in which future safety planning interventions should be tailored to these communities.
美国的拉丁裔女性遭受亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）的比例很高，但有证据表明，拉丁裔女性寻求IPV帮助的比例低于其他群体。安全规划是一种为遭受IPV的人提供具体行动以提高其安全性并转介至正规服务机构的方法。虽然安全规划已被证明可以减少未来的暴力事件，但对于拉丁裔女性的安全规划优先事项却知之甚少。
本研究采用了群体概念映射法，这是一种包括头脑风暴、分类、评级和解释的混合方法。首先，17名曾遭受IPV的拉丁裔女性幸存者和/或专业倡导者对一个焦点提示做出回应。接下来，19名参与者将一份无重复回应的列表进行分类排序。使用多维标度法和层次聚类分析法对数据进行分析，研究团队对结果进行反复完善。芝加哥和迈阿密的42名拉丁裔参与者根据两种情景下每项内容对安全的必要性对其进行评分：一是幸存者计划离开伴侣，二是幸存者计划维持关系。采用双变量相关分析来检验多个维度上安全规划优先事项的差异。最后，将结果反馈给参与者以获取反馈并进行背景分析。
共有46名拉丁裔女性参与了数据收集活动。头脑风暴和分类数据产生了七类安全规划需求。对于打算离开关系的女性（她们最需要法律服务）与打算维持关系的女性（安全规划服务对她们至关重要），以及芝加哥的女性与迈阿密的女性，聚类评级存在统计学上的显著差异。
本研究为关于美国拉丁裔女性安全规划需求的少量但不断增长的文献做出了贡献，并说明了未来安全规划干预措施应如何针对这些群体进行调整的潜在方法。
