Sousa T De, Blache Y, Degot M, Rogowski I
Universite Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité - UR 7424, UFRSTAPS, Villeurbanne, France.
BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2025 Jan 10;17(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s13102-024-01043-9.
The Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test (CKCUEST) is a physical performance test designed to assess the upper extremity (UE) stability. However, only one outcome measure is provided for both UEs, limiting its application if the UEs are not similarly involved. Moreover, the changes in loads sustained by the support UE throughout the movement may influence the support UE stability. Additional knowledge on the underpinning biomechanical mechanics of the performance is therefore needed to better understand how to use the measure of the CKCUEST to design the athlete's physical ability development or recovery. This study aimed to investigate the influence of phase and dominance on kinetic and support UE muscular demand during a modified-CKCUEST touch.
Twenty-five male multisport athletes (age: 26.0 ± 11.3 years; mass: 77.8 ± 23.3 kg; height: 179.0 ± 6.5 cm) performed the modified-CKCUEST, i.e. hands at half span apart. The ground reaction forces (GRF) and activity of eight perihumeral and scapulothoracic muscles of support UE were recorded and analyzed according to the UE dominance and phase (takeoff vs. landing). Statistical non-Parametric Mapping analyses were used to assess the effects of dominance and phase on the support UE GRF and the effects of dominance, phase, and muscle on the support UE muscle activity.
The scapulothoracic and perihumeral muscles of the support UE were activated at low-to-very-high levels during the modified-CKCUEST touch. Variations in muscular activity over a touch were required to sustain variations in loads in medial, vertical, and posterior directions. Lower loads were observed during the takeoff phase than those during the landing phase (p < 0.05). Despite similar muscular activities in both UEs, the dominant UE sustained higher medial loads than the non-dominant UE (p < 0.05), while opposite results were observed for posterior loads (p < 0.05).
The modified-CKCUEST involves similar muscle activity of the support UE in response to varying loads sustained in different directions according to dominance. The quantitative assessment provided by the modified-CKCUEST score may be complemented by a qualitative observation of body displacements, allowing coaches and clinicians to identify limitations in the stability of the UEs.
闭链上肢稳定性测试（CKCUEST）是一项旨在评估上肢（UE）稳定性的体能测试。然而，该测试仅为双侧上肢提供了一项结果指标，如果双侧上肢受累情况不同，则会限制其应用。此外，在整个运动过程中，支撑上肢承受的负荷变化可能会影响支撑上肢的稳定性。因此，需要更多关于该测试基础生物力学机制的知识，以便更好地理解如何利用CKCUEST测试指标来设计运动员的体能发展或恢复方案。本研究旨在探讨在改良CKCUEST触摸动作中，阶段和优势手对动力性和支撑上肢肌肉需求的影响。
25名男性多项目运动员（年龄：26.0±11.3岁；体重：77.8±23.3 kg；身高：179.0±6.5 cm）进行改良CKCUEST测试，即双手半距分开。记录并分析支撑上肢的地面反作用力（GRF）以及八块肱骨周围和肩胛胸廓肌肉的活动情况，根据上肢优势和阶段（起跳与落地）进行分析。采用统计非参数映射分析来评估优势和阶段对支撑上肢GRF的影响，以及优势、阶段和肌肉对支撑上肢肌肉活动的影响。
在改良CKCUEST触摸动作中，支撑上肢的肩胛胸廓肌肉和肱骨周围肌肉被激活至低到非常高的水平。在触摸过程中，需要肌肉活动的变化来维持内侧、垂直和后方方向负荷的变化。起跳阶段观察到的负荷低于落地阶段（p<0.05）。尽管双侧上肢的肌肉活动相似，但优势上肢承受的内侧负荷高于非优势上肢（p<0.05），而后方负荷的结果则相反（p<0.05）。
改良CKCUEST测试中，支撑上肢的肌肉活动相似，以应对根据优势不同在不同方向上承受的变化负荷。改良CKCUEST评分提供的定量评估可以通过对身体位移的定性观察来补充，从而使教练和临床医生能够识别上肢稳定性的局限性。
