Samodova Diana, Stankevic Evelina, Søndergaard Mathilde Sonne, Hu Naiyu, Ahluwalia Tarunveer S, Witte Daniel R, Belstrøm Daniel, Lubberding Anniek Frederike, Jagtap Pratik D, Hansen Torben, Deshmukh Atul S
Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark.
Microbiome. 2025 Jan 10;13(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s40168-024-01997-5.
Saliva is a protein-rich body fluid for noninvasive discovery of biomolecules, containing both human and microbial components, associated with various chronic diseases. Type-2 diabetes (T2D) imposes a significant health and socio-economic burden. Prior research on T2D salivary microbiome utilized methods such as metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, 16S rRNA sequencing, and low-throughput proteomics.
We conducted ultrafast, in-depth MS-based proteomic and metaproteomic profiling of saliva from 15 newly diagnosed T2D individuals and 15 age-/BMI-matched healthy controls (HC). Using state-of-the-art proteomics, over 4500 human and bacterial proteins were identified in a single 21-min run. Bioinformatic analysis revealed host signatures of altered immune-, lipid-, and glucose-metabolism regulatory systems, increased oxidative stress, and possible precancerous changes in T2D saliva. Abundance of peptides for bacterial genera such as Neisseria and Corynebacterium were altered showing biomarker potential, offering insights into disease pathophysiology and microbial applications for T2D management.
This study presents a comprehensive mapping of salivary proteins and microbial communities, serving as a foundational resource for enhancing understanding of T2D pathophysiology. The identified biomarkers hold promise for advancing diagnostics and therapeutic approaches in T2D and its associated long-term complication Video Abstract.
唾液是一种富含蛋白质的体液，可用于无创发现生物分子，包含人类和微生物成分，与多种慢性疾病相关。2型糖尿病（T2D）带来了重大的健康和社会经济负担。先前关于T2D唾液微生物组的研究采用了宏基因组学、宏转录组学、16S rRNA测序和低通量蛋白质组学等方法。
我们对15名新诊断的T2D个体和15名年龄及体重指数匹配的健康对照（HC）的唾液进行了基于质谱的超快、深度蛋白质组学和宏蛋白质组学分析。使用最先进的蛋白质组学技术，在单次21分钟的运行中鉴定出了超过4500种人类和细菌蛋白质。生物信息学分析揭示了T2D唾液中免疫、脂质和葡萄糖代谢调节系统改变、氧化应激增加以及可能的癌前变化的宿主特征。奈瑟菌属和棒状杆菌属等细菌属的肽丰度发生了改变，显示出作为生物标志物的潜力，为T2D管理的疾病病理生理学和微生物应用提供了见解。
本研究展示了唾液蛋白质和微生物群落的全面图谱，为加深对T2D病理生理学的理解提供了基础资源。所鉴定的生物标志物有望推动T2D及其相关长期并发症的诊断和治疗方法的发展视频摘要。
