Parameswarappa Deepika C, Kulkarni Ashwini, Sahoo Niroj Kumar, Padhy Srikanta Kumar, Singh Sumit Randhir, Héon Elise, Chhablani Jay
Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1E8, Canada.
Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Vijayawada 521134, India.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2024 Dec 26;15(1):28. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics15010028.
: Inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) are a genetically complex group of disorders, usually resulting in progressive vision loss due to retinal degeneration. Traditional imaging methods help in structural assessments, but limitations exist in early functional cellular-level detection that are crucial for guiding new therapies. : This review includes a systematic search of PubMed and Google Scholar for studies on advanced imaging techniques for IRDs. : Key modalities covered are adaptive optics, fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy, polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography, optoretinography, mitochondrial imaging, flavoprotein fluorescence imaging, and retinal oximetry. Each imaging method covers its principles, acquisition techniques, data from healthy eyes, applications in IRDs with specific examples, and current challenges and future directions. : Emerging technologies, including adaptive optics and metabolic imaging, offer promising potential for cellular-level imaging and functional correlation in IRDs, allowing for earlier intervention and improved therapeutic targeting. Their integration into clinical practice may significantly improve IRD management and patient outcomes.
遗传性视网膜疾病（IRDs）是一组基因复杂的疾病，通常由于视网膜变性导致进行性视力丧失。传统成像方法有助于进行结构评估，但在早期功能细胞水平检测方面存在局限性，而这对于指导新疗法至关重要。 本综述包括对PubMed和谷歌学术进行系统检索，以查找有关IRDs先进成像技术的研究。 涵盖的关键模式有自适应光学、荧光寿命成像检眼镜、偏振敏感光学相干断层扫描、视网膜电图、线粒体成像、黄素蛋白荧光成像和视网膜血氧测定。每种成像方法都涵盖其原理、采集技术、健康眼睛的数据、在IRDs中的应用（有具体实例）以及当前挑战和未来方向。 包括自适应光学和代谢成像在内的新兴技术为IRDs中的细胞水平成像和功能关联提供了有前景的潜力，允许更早干预并改善治疗靶向。将它们整合到临床实践中可能会显著改善IRD管理和患者预后。
