Kurbanbekov Sherzod, Kozhakhmetov Yernat, Skakov Mazhyn, Seitov Bekbolat, Aidarova Madina, Tabiyeva Yerkezhan
Center of Excellence "VERITAS", D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical University, Ust-Kamenogorsk 070004, Kazakhstan.
The Research Institute "Natural Sciences, Nanotechnology and New Materials", Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkestan 161200, Kazakhstan.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Dec 31;18(1):129. doi: 10.3390/ma18010129.
This paper reviews recent advances in the synthesis of cobalt-free high-strength tungsten carbide (WC) composites as sustainable alternatives to conventional WC-Co composites. Due to the high cost of cobalt, limited supply, and environmental concerns, researchers are exploring nickel, iron, ceramic binders, and nanocomposites to obtain similar or superior mechanical properties. Various synthesis methods such as powder metallurgy, encapsulation, 3D printing, and spark plasma sintering (SPS) are discussed, with SPS standing out for its effectiveness in densifying and preventing WC grain growth. The results show that cobalt-free composites exhibit high strength, wear and corrosion resistance, and harsh environment stability, making them viable competitors for WC-Co materials. The use of nickel and iron with SPS is shown to enable the development of environmentally friendly, cost-effective materials. It is emphasized that microstructural control and phase management during sintering are critical to improve a material's properties. The application potential of these composites covers mechanical engineering, metallurgy, oil and gas, and aerospace, emphasizing their broad industrial relevance.
本文综述了无钴高强度碳化钨（WC）复合材料合成方面的最新进展，这些复合材料可作为传统WC-Co复合材料的可持续替代品。由于钴成本高、供应有限以及环境问题，研究人员正在探索镍、铁、陶瓷粘结剂和纳米复合材料，以获得相似或更优异的机械性能。文中讨论了各种合成方法，如粉末冶金、包覆法、3D打印和放电等离子烧结（SPS），其中SPS因其在致密化和防止WC晶粒生长方面的有效性而脱颖而出。结果表明，无钴复合材料具有高强度、耐磨和耐腐蚀性能以及在恶劣环境下的稳定性，使其成为WC-Co材料的有力竞争对手。使用镍和铁结合SPS能够开发出环保、经济高效的材料。文中强调，烧结过程中的微观结构控制和相管理对于改善材料性能至关重要。这些复合材料的应用潜力涵盖机械工程、冶金、石油和天然气以及航空航天领域，凸显了它们广泛的工业相关性。
