The Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Blossoms and Rhizome Ethanol Extracts.

BACKGROUND

Inflammation-induced oxidative stress is a pathophysiological mechanism of inflammatory diseases. Treatments targeting oxidative stress can reduce inflammatory tissue damage.

OBJECTIVES

This study aimed to conduct phytochemical analysis and evaluate the antioxidant effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of blossoms () and rhizomes ().

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The phytochemical analysis was carried out by measuring the total polyphenol content, total flavonoid content, and polyphenolic compounds' HPLC-ESI MS. The antioxidant activity was evaluated in vitro through HO DPPH, FRAP, and NO scavenging assays. An in vivo experiment was performed on rats with turpentine oil-induced acute inflammation. Treatments were administrated orally for 10 days, with three dilutions of each extract (100%, 50%, 25%), and compared to the CONTROL, inflammation, Diclofenac, and Trolox groups. In vivo, the antioxidant activity was evaluated by measuring the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidative status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and total thiols (SH).

RESULTS

The phytochemical analysis found a high content of phenolic compounds in both extracts, and the in vitro antioxidant activity was significant. In vivo, and extracts proved to be effective in increasing TAC and lowering oxidative stress markers, respectively, the TOS, OSI, MDA, and NO levels. The effects were dose-dependent, with the lower concentrations being more efficient antioxidants. and extract effects were as good as those of trolox and diclofenac.

CONCLUSIONS

Treatment with and alleviated inflammation-induced oxidative stress. These findings suggest that and extracts could be a promising adjuvant antioxidant therapy in inflammatory diseases.