Shao Hua, Liu Minghua, Jiang Hongfang, Zhang Ying
Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning, China.
Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Apr;302:139177. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.139177. Epub 2025 Jan 9.
Colon cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide, necessitating advancements in therapeutic strategies to improve outcomes. Current treatment modalities, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation, are limited by systemic toxicity, low drug utilization rates, and off-target effects. Colon-targeted drug delivery systems (CDDS) offer a promising alternative by leveraging the colon's unique physiology, such as near-neutral pH and extended transit time, to achieve localized and controlled drug release. Polysaccharide-based CDDS, utilizing natural polymers like chitosan, cyclodextrin, pectin, guar gum, alginate, hyaluronic acid, dextran, chondroitin sulfate, and inulin, have emerged as innovative approaches for improving the specificity and efficacy of colon cancer treatments. These biocompatible and biodegradable polymers enable site-specific drug delivery, enhance tumor apoptosis, reduce systemic side effects, and improve patient compliance. This review evaluates recent advancements in polysaccharide-based CDDS, detailing their drug release mechanisms, therapeutic potential, and challenges in overcoming gastrointestinal transit and pH variability. Studies highlight the successful formulation of nanoparticles, microspheres, and other delivery systems, demonstrating targeted drug delivery, improved bioavailability, and enhanced cytotoxicity against colon cancer cells in-vitro and in-vivo. The review underscores the need for continued research on polysaccharide-based CDDS for colon cancer treatment, offering a path toward more effective, patient-centered oncological care.
结肠癌是全球癌症相关发病和死亡的主要原因，因此需要改进治疗策略以改善治疗效果。目前的治疗方式，包括手术、化疗和放疗，受到全身毒性、低药物利用率和脱靶效应的限制。结肠靶向给药系统（CDDS）利用结肠独特的生理特性，如近中性pH值和延长的转运时间，实现局部和可控的药物释放，提供了一种有前景的替代方案。基于多糖的CDDS利用壳聚糖、环糊精、果胶、瓜尔胶、海藻酸盐、透明质酸、葡聚糖、硫酸软骨素和菊粉等天然聚合物，已成为提高结肠癌治疗特异性和疗效的创新方法。这些生物相容性和可生物降解的聚合物能够实现药物的定点递送，增强肿瘤细胞凋亡，减少全身副作用，并提高患者的依从性。本综述评估了基于多糖的CDDS的最新进展，详细阐述了其药物释放机制、治疗潜力以及在克服胃肠道转运和pH值变化方面面临的挑战。研究突出了纳米颗粒、微球和其他递送系统的成功制备，证明了在体外和体内实现了靶向药物递送、提高了生物利用度并增强了对结肠癌细胞的细胞毒性。该综述强调了对基于多糖的CDDS用于结肠癌治疗进行持续研究的必要性，为实现更有效、以患者为中心的肿瘤护理提供了一条途径。
