Abd-Elkareem Mahmoud, Khormi Mohsen A, Alfattah Mohammed A, Hassan Mervat S
Department of Cell and Tissues, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
Department of Biology, College of Science, Jazan University, P.O. Box. 114, Jazan, 45142, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
BMC Vet Res. 2025 Jan 13;21(1):16. doi: 10.1186/s12917-024-04456-3.
Saidi sheep are one of the most important farm animals in Upper Egypt, particularly in the Assiut governorate. Since they can provide meat, milk, fiber, and skins from low-quality roughages, sheep are among the most economically valuable animals bred for food in Egypt. Regarding breeding, relatively little is known about the Saidi breed. In mammals, the uterus is a crucial reproductive organ. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to provide further details on the histological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical analyses of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), glutathione reductase (GR), and progesterone receptor alpha (PRA) as well as terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP nick-end labeling assay (TUNEL) of the uterus during the follicular phase of estrous cycle in Saidi sheep. Thus, 11 healthy Saidi ewes (38.5 ± 2.03 kg weight) ranging in age from 2 to 5 years were used to examine the histological changes in the uterus.
In Saidi sheep, the uterine histological and immunological picture during the follicular phase of the estrous cycle was characterized by epithelial and stromal proliferation and apoptosis. Leucocytic recruitment (lymphocytes, plasma, and mast cells) was also observed. Uterine gland adenogenesis, vascular angiogenesis, oxidative marker expression, and PRA expression in the muscles, stroma, and epithelium were the most noticeable features of the follicular phase.
This study provides new evidence of the role of PRA, SOD2, GR, and mast cells in controlling uterine epithelial proliferation and apoptosis in the Saidi sheep during the follicular phase of the estrus cycle. These findings have growing significance in understanding the key mechanisms that characterize successful reproduction and enhancing the fertility and reproductive efficiency in Saidi Sheep.
赛义迪羊是上埃及最重要的家畜之一，尤其是在艾斯尤特省。由于它们能利用低质量粗饲料提供肉、奶、毛和皮，所以羊是埃及养殖用于食用的最具经济价值的动物之一。关于繁殖方面，人们对赛义迪品种了解相对较少。在哺乳动物中，子宫是一个关键的生殖器官。因此，本研究的目的是进一步详细阐述赛义迪羊发情周期卵泡期子宫中超氧化物歧化酶2（SOD2）、谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）、孕激素受体α（PRA）的组织学、组织化学和免疫组织化学分析，以及末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶（TdT）介导的dUTP缺口末端标记法（TUNEL）检测。因此，选取了11只年龄在2至5岁、体重为38.5±2.03千克的健康赛义迪母羊来检查子宫的组织学变化。
在赛义迪羊中，发情周期卵泡期的子宫组织学和免疫学特征表现为上皮和基质的增殖与凋亡。还观察到白细胞募集（淋巴细胞、浆细胞和肥大细胞）。子宫腺生成、血管生成、肌肉、基质和上皮中氧化标志物表达以及PRA表达是卵泡期最显著的特征。
本研究为PRA、SOD2、GR和肥大细胞在赛义迪羊发情周期卵泡期控制子宫上皮增殖和凋亡中的作用提供了新证据。这些发现对于理解成功繁殖的关键机制以及提高赛义迪羊的生育力和繁殖效率具有越来越重要的意义。
