Germot Agnès, Khodary Muhammad Gamal, Othman Othman El-Mahdy, Petit Daniel
LABCiS, University of Limoges, UR 22722, F-87000 Limoges, France.
Integrative Biosciences (IBS) Department, Tuskegee University, 1200 W Montgomery Rd., Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Oct 12;12(20):2738. doi: 10.3390/ani12202738.
(1) Background: It has been recognized that the origin of fat-tailed sheep occurred within coarse wool breeds and that this character was introgressed several times into thin-tailed populations. However, no study has investigated this idea for Egyptian breeds using mtDNA analyses. (2) Methods: Using new sequences of the control region, we constructed a database of 467 sequences representing 37 breeds including fat- and thin-tailed ones with 80 Egyptian individuals belonging to six local breeds (Barki, Fallahi, Ossimi, Rahmani, Saidi, Sohagi). The phylogenetic tree obtained with the maximum likelihood method was submitted to the Newick Extra program to count the direct and indirect links between the individuals of each breed. (3) Results: Several Egyptian breeds were strongly connected to "primitive" thin-tailed breeds from Europe, indicating a clear genetic background of the "thin tail" breed type that supports the view of archeologists. In several cases, we suspected Western Asian breeds to be involved in the introgression of the fat tail character. In contrast, the Ossimi breed showed a high affinity to a fat-tailed breed of Western Asia, suggesting a direct migration and no thin tail ancestors. The Saidi is unique as our analyses revealed its strong connection with thin-tailed Sudanese breeds.
(1) 背景：人们已经认识到肥尾羊起源于粗毛品种，并且这一特征多次渗入细尾群体。然而，尚无研究利用线粒体DNA分析对埃及品种进行这方面的探究。(2) 方法：利用控制区的新序列，我们构建了一个包含467个序列的数据库，这些序列代表37个品种，包括肥尾和细尾品种，其中有80个埃及个体，分属于6个当地品种（巴尔基羊、法拉希羊、奥西米羊、拉赫曼尼羊、赛迪羊、索哈吉羊）。用最大似然法得到的系统发育树被提交到Newick Extra程序中，以计算每个品种个体之间的直接和间接联系。(3) 结果：几个埃及品种与来自欧洲的“原始”细尾品种有很强的联系，这表明“细尾”品种类型有明确的遗传背景，支持了考古学家的观点。在一些情况下，我们怀疑西亚品种参与了肥尾特征的渗入。相比之下，奥西米品种与一个西亚肥尾品种有很高的亲缘关系，这表明有直接的迁移，且没有细尾祖先。赛迪羊很独特，因为我们的分析显示它与苏丹细尾品种有很强的联系。
