Pereira Thamíris, Mocellin Michel Carlos, Curioni Cintia
Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Fundamental Nutrition, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
BMJ Open. 2024 Dec 20;14(12):e091223. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-091223.
This study aimed to assess the association between ultraprocessed foods (UPF) consumption, eating disorders (EDs), food addiction and body image concerns.
Systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.
Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, LILACS and APA PsycInfo databases, for studies published between 2009 and July 2024.
We included cross-sectional and cohort studies involving individuals of all ages, evaluating the association between UPF consumption, classified by the 'NOVA system', EDs, food addiction and body image. No restrictions were placed on diagnostic criteria, age and gender. Studies that modelled UPF consumption as both an exposure and an outcome were included.
Data extraction and quality assessment were performed by two independent reviewers. Methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist.
We did not identify any longitudinal studies. Nine cross-sectional studies were included (n=54 367 participants). One study assessed EDs types, including restrictive, bulimic, binge eating and other (not otherwise specified); three studies examined body dissatisfaction, while five studies investigated food addiction. The consumption of UPF was significantly associated with bulimic, binge eating and other ED and food addiction. No significant associations were identified between restrictive ED and body dissatisfaction.
This systematic review highlights a significant gap in research on this topic. Although some associations have been found, the findings are limited to cross-sectional studies with methodological limitations. The lack of longitudinal studies emphasises the need for more rigorous research to accurately assess the direction of these relationships.
CRD42022365154.
本研究旨在评估超加工食品（UPF）消费与饮食失调（EDs）、食物成瘾和身体形象问题之间的关联。
遵循系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目指南进行系统评价。
Medline、Scopus、科学网、EMBASE、LILACS和美国心理学会心理学文摘数据库，用于检索2009年至2024年7月发表的研究。
我们纳入了涉及各年龄段个体的横断面研究和队列研究，评估按照“新诺瓦系统”分类的UPF消费与EDs、食物成瘾和身体形象之间的关联。对诊断标准、年龄和性别没有限制。将UPF消费既作为暴露因素又作为结果进行建模的研究也纳入其中。
由两名独立的评审员进行数据提取和质量评估。使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的批判性评价清单评估方法学质量。
我们未找到任何纵向研究。纳入了9项横断面研究（n=54367名参与者）。一项研究评估了EDs的类型，包括限制型、暴食型、暴饮暴食型和其他类型（未另作说明）；三项研究考察了身体不满意情况，五项研究调查了食物成瘾。UPF的消费与暴食型、暴饮暴食型及其他类型的EDs和食物成瘾显著相关。未发现限制型EDs与身体不满意之间存在显著关联。
本系统评价凸显了该主题研究中的一个重大差距。尽管已发现一些关联，但研究结果仅限于存在方法学局限性的横断面研究。纵向研究的缺乏强调了需要进行更严谨的研究，以准确评估这些关系的方向。
PROSPERO注册号：CRD42022365154。
