Metekoua Carole, Ruffieux Yann, Mwansa-Kambafwile Judith, Kellett Patricia, Egger Matthias, Muchengeti Mazvita, Rohner Eliane, Wiggill Tracey
National Cancer Registry, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Br J Cancer. 2025 Mar;132(5):462-468. doi: 10.1038/s41416-024-02937-8. Epub 2025 Jan 14.
Burkitt lymphoma (BL) may be HIV-associated but data on BL trends in South Africa (SA), where HIV is highly prevalent, are scarce. We compared BL incidence trends over 36 years among Black African and White individuals.
We included histologically diagnosed BL from the National Cancer Registry in SA between 1986-2021. We computed yearly age-standardised incidence rates (ASIR) by race, and annual percentage changes in ASIR using Joinpoint regression.
Between 1986-2021, 2205 Black African (ASIR: 1.68/1,000,000; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.63-1.73) and 366 White individuals (ASIR: 2.34/1,000,000; 95% CI 2.15-2.53) had incident BL. Median age at diagnosis increased over time, while the male proportion among those diagnosed declined. The ASIR among Black Africans increased from 1986-2012 and declined thereafter with BL incidence peaks shifting from children and elderly to middle-aged adults. Among White individuals, BL rates rose among all age groups over time.
The BL epidemiology among Black Africans, with decreasing rates since 2012, may reflect SA's evolving HIV epidemic. In contrast, BL rates among White individuals in SA and many high-income countries continue to increase over time. Further studies are needed to better understand the differences in BL epidemiology across geographic regions and population groups.
伯基特淋巴瘤（BL）可能与HIV相关，但在HIV高度流行的南非（SA），关于BL发病趋势的数据却很稀少。我们比较了36年间非洲黑人和白人中BL的发病率趋势。
我们纳入了1986年至2021年间南非国家癌症登记处组织学确诊的BL病例。我们按种族计算了每年的年龄标准化发病率（ASIR），并使用Joinpoint回归分析了ASIR的年度百分比变化。
1986年至2021年间，2205名非洲黑人（ASIR：1.68/1,000,000；95%置信区间[CI]1.63 - 1.73）和366名白人（ASIR：2.34/1,000,000；95%CI 2.15 - 2.53）发生了BL。诊断时的中位年龄随时间增加，而诊断人群中的男性比例下降。非洲黑人的ASIR在1986年至2012年上升，此后下降，BL发病率峰值从儿童和老年人转移到中年成年人。在白人中，随着时间推移，所有年龄组的BL发病率均上升。
自2012年以来发病率下降的非洲黑人中的BL流行病学情况，可能反映了南非不断演变的HIV疫情。相比之下，南非和许多高收入国家白人中的BL发病率随时间持续上升。需要进一步研究以更好地理解不同地理区域和人群组中BL流行病学的差异。
