Naga Nourhan G, Nawar Enas A, Mobarak A'laa A, Faramawy Aya G, Al-Kordy Hend M H
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt.
Trop Dis Travel Med Vaccines. 2025 Jan 15;11(1):2. doi: 10.1186/s40794-024-00237-w.
Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is an enclosed, double-stranded DNA virus from the Orthopoxvirus genus, which also contains variola, vaccinia, and cowpox. MPXV, which was once confined to West and Central Africa, has recently had a rebound, spreading beyond its original range since 2017. The virus is distinguished by its unique morphology, which includes an oval or brick-shaped structure and a complex lipid and protein makeup. The current multi-country outbreak designated a public health emergency in 2022, has highlighted MPXV's shifting epidemiology and ability to spread rapidly over the globe. 'No one is safe until everyone is safe' is a slogan we often heard during the COVID-19 pandemic, which is now also required for the growing global and regional mpox outbreaks. The epidemic is divided into two clades: Clade I and Clade II, which have distinct pathogenic characteristics. Diagnostic approaches have developed with advances in molecular techniques, yet problems persist in resource-constrained situations. This overview summarizes the virus's history, epidemiology, morphology, and clinical characteristics, offering insights into its recent comeback and current global response efforts.
猴痘病毒（MPXV）是一种来自正痘病毒属的有包膜双链DNA病毒，该属还包括天花病毒、痘苗病毒和牛痘病毒。猴痘病毒曾一度局限于西非和中非，最近有所反弹，自2017年以来已传播至其原始范围之外。该病毒以其独特的形态为特征，包括椭圆形或砖形结构以及复杂的脂质和蛋白质组成。2022年被指定为突发公共卫生事件的当前多国疫情，凸显了猴痘病毒不断变化的流行病学特征及其在全球迅速传播的能力。“在所有人都安全之前，没有人是安全的”是我们在新冠疫情期间经常听到的口号，现在对于不断增加的全球和地区猴痘疫情来说也是如此。该疫情分为两个进化枝：进化枝I和进化枝II，它们具有不同的致病特征。随着分子技术的进步，诊断方法也得到了发展，但在资源有限的情况下问题仍然存在。本综述总结了该病毒的历史、流行病学、形态学和临床特征，为其近期卷土重来及当前全球应对措施提供了见解。
