Vannini Mathilde, Schved Jean-François, Smadja David M, Jung Viktoria E M, Mauge Laetitia, Sanchez Olivier, Gendron Nicolas
Hematology Department, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris-Centre Université de Paris, Paris, France.
Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
Res Pract Thromb Haemost. 2024 Dec 2;9(1):102647. doi: 10.1016/j.rpth.2024.102647. eCollection 2025 Jan.
The question of whether scuba diving is safe for patients with a history of venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains unanswered. Cases of VTE have been reported after decompression accidents but not following properly conducted dives. However, the risk of VTE and bleeding on anticoagulant therapy during diving has yet to be defined. Medical diving societies make different recommendations regarding the risk of scuba diving in patients with a history of VTE and/or hereditary thrombophilia and regarding the bleeding risk under anticoagulation associated with dives. There is no epidemiologic or pathophysiologic evidence described in the literature to support a direct association between VTE and diving. Therefore, VTE cannot be considered as a definite contraindication for scuba diving. Further studies are needed to conclusively establish the risk of VTE associated with diving and to guide the development of medical guidelines by diving societies.
有静脉血栓栓塞（VTE）病史的患者进行水肺潜水是否安全这一问题仍未得到解答。减压事故后曾有VTE病例报告，但正常潜水后未出现此类情况。然而，潜水期间接受抗凝治疗时发生VTE和出血的风险尚未明确。医学潜水协会对于有VTE病史和/或遗传性血栓形成倾向的患者进行水肺潜水的风险以及与潜水相关的抗凝状态下的出血风险给出了不同建议。文献中未描述有流行病学或病理生理学证据支持VTE与潜水之间存在直接关联。因此，不能将VTE视为水肺潜水的绝对禁忌证。需要进一步研究来最终确定与潜水相关的VTE风险，并指导潜水协会制定医学指南。
