Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003, Cáceres, Spain.
Sci Rep. 2023 Jun 23;13(1):10193. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-37337-0.
This study aimed to evaluate external load based on distance and accelerometry measures in six different microcycle schedules with congested (CW2, CW3, and CW4) and regular weeks (RW4, RW5, and RW6) in professional soccer players. Twelve Iranian First League players (age: 28.2 ± 3.8 years; body mass: 77.92 ± 4.72 kg, and height: 183.2 ± 0.06 cm) participated in this study. A GPSPORTS system was used to collect training/match durations, total distance, distance covered at different speeds, number of accelerations, delecelerations and body load over 29 weeks, 40 matches, and 121 training sessions. Data were analysed by weekly mean and accumulated weekly values. The results showed a tendency for higher values in CWs than RWs. Regarding mean total distance, RW4 and RW5 presented lower values with very large effect size than CW2 (all, p < 0.05). The mean distance covered between 16 and 23 km/h showed that all RWs presented significantly lower values than all CWs (p < 0.05 with considerable effect size). In addition, mean acceleration values at < 2 m/s showed significantly lower values than all CWs (p < 0.05 with a very large effect size). Therefore, it is recommended to coaches pay special attention to players who participate in matches to reduce fatigue and improve the performance of professional soccer players. Ensuring recovery mechanisms are in place to minimize the external load is recommended. Coaches arrange practice sessions for non-starters who do not experience similar external loads compared to starters to prepare them for potential competition.
本研究旨在评估职业足球运动员在密集（CW2、CW3 和 CW4）和常规周（RW4、RW5 和 RW6）中六种不同微周期计划中基于距离和加速度测量的外部负荷。12 名伊朗甲级联赛球员（年龄：28.2±3.8 岁；体重：77.92±4.72 公斤，身高：183.2±0.06 厘米）参与了这项研究。使用 GPSPORTS 系统收集了 29 周、40 场比赛和 121 次训练的训练/比赛持续时间、总距离、不同速度下的距离、加速度、减速和身体负荷次数。数据按每周平均值和累积周值进行分析。结果表明，CW 中的值高于 RW。关于平均总距离，RW4 和 RW5 的值低于 CW2，具有非常大的效应量（所有，p<0.05）。16-23km/h 之间的平均距离表明，所有 RW 的值均显著低于所有 CW（p<0.05，具有相当大的效应量）。此外，<2m/s 的平均加速度值明显低于所有 CW（p<0.05，具有非常大的效应量）。因此，建议教练特别关注参加比赛的球员，以减少疲劳并提高职业足球运动员的表现。建议确保恢复机制到位，以最小化外部负荷。教练应为未经历与首发球员类似外部负荷的非首发球员安排练习，为他们可能的比赛做好准备。
