Sederholm Jarom G, Li Lin, Liu Zheng, Lan Kai-Wei, Cho En Ju, Gurumukhi Yashraj, Dipto Mohammed Jubair, Ahmari Alexander, Yu Jin, Haynes Megan, Miljkovic Nenad, Perry Nicola H, Wang Pingfeng, Braun Paul V, Hatzell Marta C
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.
Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.
ACS Energy Lett. 2024 Dec 13;10(1):107-119. doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.4c02198. eCollection 2025 Jan 10.
The global lithium-ion battery recycling capacity needs to increase by a factor of 50 in the next decade to meet the projected adoption of electric vehicles. During this expansion of recycling capacity, it is unclear which technologies are most appropriate to reduce costs and environmental impacts. Here, we describe the current and future recycling capacity situation and summarize methods for quantifying costs and environmental impacts of battery recycling methods with a focus on cathode active materials. Second use, electrification of pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy, direct recycling, and electrochemical recycling methods are discussed as leading-edge methods for overcoming state of the art battery recycling challenges. The paper ends with a discussion of future issues and considerations regarding solid-state batteries and co-optimization of battery design for recycling.
在未来十年，全球锂离子电池回收能力需要增长50倍，以满足预计的电动汽车采用率。在回收能力的这种扩张过程中，尚不清楚哪种技术最适合降低成本和环境影响。在此，我们描述了当前和未来的回收能力状况，并总结了量化电池回收方法成本和环境影响的方法，重点是阴极活性材料。二次利用、火法冶金和湿法冶金的电气化、直接回收以及电化学回收方法被作为克服现有电池回收挑战的前沿方法进行了讨论。本文最后讨论了关于固态电池的未来问题和考虑因素，以及电池回收设计的协同优化。
