Dixit Marm, Witherspoon Brett, Muralidharan Nitin, Mench Matthew M, Kweon Chol-Bum M, Sun Yang-Kook, Belharouak Ilias
Electrification and Energy Infrastructures Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
ACS Energy Lett. 2024 Jul 10;9(8):3780-3789. doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.4c01300. eCollection 2024 Aug 9.
This paper delves into the critical materials supply chain of the battery market with an emphasis on long-term energy security. The study recognizes electric vehicle battery packs as reservoirs of "locked reserves" for extended periods, typically 10 years or more. A comprehensive understanding of material flows and end-of-life battery management is essential to establish a sustainable, durable, and secure domestic supply chain for lithium-ion batteries. In addressing these concerns, the paper introduces a metric designed to assess the "per mile" consumption of critical reserves called "Materials Per Gallon-Electric (MPGe)". The study emphasizes the immediate need for critical materials to meet the accelerated demand for large-scale electric vehicle adoption in the short term. Furthermore, the paper also emphasizes the urgent need to advance recycling technologies to recover the critical mineral reserves "locked" in end-of-life battery packs.
本文深入探讨了电池市场关键材料供应链，重点关注长期能源安全。该研究认识到电动汽车电池组在较长时期内（通常为10年或更长时间）是“锁定储备”的储存库。全面了解材料流动和报废电池管理对于建立可持续、耐用且安全的锂离子电池国内供应链至关重要。为解决这些问题，本文引入了一种指标，旨在评估关键储备的“每英里”消耗量，即“每加仑电材料消耗量（MPGe）”。该研究强调短期内迫切需要关键材料以满足大规模采用电动汽车的加速需求。此外，本文还强调迫切需要推进回收技术，以回收“锁定”在报废电池组中的关键矿产储备。
