Karakaş Seda Nur, Batmaz Sevde Gül, Çiftçi Volkan, Küden Cihan
Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Cukurova University, Adana, 01380, Turkey.
Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cukurova University, Adana, 01380, Turkey.
BMC Oral Health. 2025 Jan 16;25(1):74. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-05465-w.
This in vitro study aimed to investigate the effect of five polishing systems on the surface roughness (SR) and color change (CC) of novel bulk-fill composite resins.
Fifty composite resin samples were prepared for each of the five groups: Stark Bulk Fill, SDR Plus, SonicFill 3, Charisma Bulk Flow One, and Filtek Z250. Each group of composite resins was further subdivided into five subgroups based on the polishing method applied: OptraGloss (OG), OptraGloss combined with Diapolisher paste (OG), OptiDisc (OD), OptiDisc combined with Diapolisher paste (OD), and Occlubrush (OCC) (n = 10). Surface roughness was measured using a profilometer following the polishing procedures, while surface morphology was assessed through atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Subsequently, the samples were divided into two further subgroups for aging in distilled water and coffee (n = 5). The initial color parameters and those measured after 7 days were recorded to evaluate color change. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's post-hoc tests (α = 0.05).
SR significantly varied based on the composite resin and polishing system (p < 0.001). OCC polishing yielded the smoothest surface for STARK and SDR composites, while Charisma exhibited the lowest roughness in the OD group (p < 0.05). OG group consistently produced lower SR across multiple composites compared to the OG group (p < 0.001). Significant color changes (ΔE) were found, with SonicFill and Filtek showing the greatest color stability when polished with OG and OCC. For all polishing systems, except OD, the SDR composite showed the greatest CC in coffee storage (p < 0.003).
This study demonstrated that both the polishing technique and composite resin type significantly influenced SR. SR was notably affected by the interaction between the polishing method and resin type, with the OCC system consistently producing the lowest SR values. Additionally, Charisma exhibited surface properties similar to Filtek. Variations in color change were also observed based on both the polishing method and resin type, highlighting the critical role these factors play in determining the color stability of restorative materials.
本体外研究旨在探讨五种抛光系统对新型大块充填复合树脂表面粗糙度（SR）和颜色变化（CC）的影响。
为五个组分别制备五十个复合树脂样本：Stark Bulk Fill、SDR Plus、SonicFill 3、Charisma Bulk Flow One和Filtek Z250。根据所应用的抛光方法，每组复合树脂进一步细分为五个亚组：OptraGloss（OG）、OptraGloss与Diapolisher糊剂联合使用（OG）、OptiDisc（OD）、OptiDisc与Diapolisher糊剂联合使用（OD）以及Occlubrush（OCC）（n = 10）。在抛光程序之后，使用轮廓仪测量表面粗糙度，同时通过原子力显微镜和扫描电子显微镜评估表面形态。随后，将样本进一步分为两个亚组，分别在蒸馏水和咖啡中进行老化处理（n = 5）。记录初始颜色参数以及7天后测量的参数，以评估颜色变化。使用双向方差分析进行统计分析，随后进行Tukey事后检验（α = 0.05）。
SR根据复合树脂和抛光系统的不同而有显著差异（p < 0.001）。OCC抛光使STARK和SDR复合材料表面最光滑，而Charisma在OD组中粗糙度最低（p < 0.05）。与OG组相比，OG组在多种复合材料中始终产生较低的SR（p < 0.001）。发现有显著的颜色变化（ΔE），SonicFill和Filtek在用OG和OCC抛光时显示出最大的颜色稳定性。对于所有抛光系统，除了OD，SDR复合材料在咖啡储存中显示出最大的CC（p < 0.003）。
本研究表明，抛光技术和复合树脂类型均对SR有显著影响。SR尤其受到抛光方法与树脂类型之间相互作用的影响，OCC系统始终产生最低的SR值。此外，Charisma表现出与Filtek相似的表面性能。基于抛光方法和树脂类型也观察到了颜色变化的差异，突出了这些因素在决定修复材料颜色稳定性方面所起的关键作用。
