Slaats Emiel, Bramreiter Bernadette, Chua Kristine J, Quilang Rachel C, Sallinger Katja, Eikmans Michael, Kroneis Thomas
Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Department of Anthropology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
Semin Immunopathol. 2025 Jan 17;47(1):8. doi: 10.1007/s00281-025-01037-w.
Microchimerism is defined as the presence of a small population of genetically distinct cells within a host that is derived from another individual. Throughout pregnancy, maternal and fetal cells are known to traffic across the feto-maternal interface and result in maternal and fetal microchimerism, respectively. However, the routes of cell transfer, the molecular signaling as well as the timing in which trafficking takes place are still not completely understood. Recently, the presence of inflammation at the feto-maternal interface has been linked with maternal microchimeric cells modulating organ development in the fetus. Here, we review the current literature and suggest that inflammatory processes at the feto-maternal interface tissues are a physiological prerequisite for the establishment of microchimerism. We further propose a spatio-temporal corridor of microchimeric cell migration to potentially explain some biological effects of microchimerism. Additionally, we elaborate on the possible consequences of a shift in this spatio-temporal corridor, potentially responsible for the development of pathologies in the neonate.
微嵌合体的定义是宿主内存在一小群源自另一个体的基因不同的细胞。在整个孕期，已知母胎细胞会穿过母胎界面，分别导致母体和胎儿微嵌合体的形成。然而，细胞转移的途径、分子信号传导以及转移发生的时间仍未完全明确。最近，母胎界面处的炎症与母体微嵌合细胞调节胎儿器官发育有关。在此，我们回顾当前文献，并提出母胎界面组织处的炎症过程是微嵌合体形成的生理前提。我们进一步提出微嵌合细胞迁移的时空通道，以潜在解释微嵌合体的一些生物学效应。此外，我们详细阐述了这一时空通道发生改变可能产生的后果，这可能是新生儿发病的原因。
