Xie Dandan, Zhang Nan, Hu Yipeng, Li Qiang, Yang Yunfei, Zou Yingping, Lu Yanxiang, Hu Wei, Guo Lian, Li Hong
Department of Stomatology, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China.
Department of Orthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Transl Pediatr. 2024 Dec 31;13(12):2097-2109. doi: 10.21037/tp-24-336. Epub 2024 Dec 26.
Oral microbiome homeostasis is important for children's health, and microbial community is affected by anesthetics. The application of anesthetics in children's oral therapy has become a relatively mature method. This study aims to investigate the effect of different anesthesia techniques on children's oral microbiota.
Sixty children who visited the Department of Stomatology of the Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital were recruited. Subjects who did not receive anesthesia during the surgery were divided into non-anesthesia (Noa) group. Other children who accepted anesthesia during the surgery were grouped into lidocaine group, sevoflurane group, and intravenous injection-inhalation (intra-inhalation) group. Subsequently, their saliva samples were collected for 16S rDNA sequencing.
A total of 1,316 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified in overall samples, and 75,275 reads per sample were obtained on average. There were 137 genera were shared among the Noa, lidocaine, sevoflurane, and intra-inhalation groups. The genera , , and had a higher abundance in the four groups. Compared to the Noa group, anesthetics increased the abundance of the genus in the anesthesia groups. Alpha and beta diversity analyses revealed significant differences in the comparisons of Noa sevoflurane and Noa intra-inhalation. In contrast, the difference between the lidocaine and the Noa groups was slight. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analyses identified 52, 16, and 37 differential microbes in the Noa sevoflurane, Noa lidocaine, and Noa intra-inhalation comparisons, respectively. Notably, genus was significantly enriched in the sevoflurane group compared to the Noa group. When comparing the Noa group with the other three anesthesia groups, between-group pathway differences were found in amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, biofilm formation, cofactor and vitamin metabolism, and antibiotic synthesis.
This study elucidated oral microbiome characteristics in children under different anesthesia technology and found an enrichment of genus in the sevoflurane group compared to the Noa group. Our findings provide new insights into the effect of anesthetic on oral microbiota of children.
口腔微生物群稳态对儿童健康很重要，且微生物群落会受到麻醉剂的影响。麻醉剂在儿童口腔治疗中的应用已成为一种相对成熟的方法。本研究旨在调查不同麻醉技术对儿童口腔微生物群的影响。
招募了60名到江西省儿童医院口腔科就诊的儿童。手术期间未接受麻醉的受试者被分为非麻醉（Noa）组。其他在手术期间接受麻醉的儿童被分为利多卡因组、七氟醚组和静脉注射-吸入（静脉-吸入）组。随后，收集他们的唾液样本进行16S rDNA测序。
在总体样本中总共鉴定出1316个可操作分类单元（OTU），每个样本平均获得75275条读数。Noa组、利多卡因组、七氟醚组和静脉-吸入组共有137个属。 属、 属和 属在这四组中的丰度较高。与Noa组相比，麻醉剂增加了麻醉组中 属的丰度。α和β多样性分析显示，Noa与七氟醚组以及Noa与静脉-吸入组的比较存在显著差异。相比之下，利多卡因组与Noa组之间的差异较小。线性判别分析效应大小（LEfSe）分析分别在Noa与七氟醚组、Noa与利多卡因组、Noa与静脉-吸入组的比较中鉴定出52、16和37种差异微生物。值得注意的是，与Noa组相比， 属在七氟醚组中显著富集。在将Noa组与其他三个麻醉组进行比较时，发现氨基酸代谢、能量代谢、生物膜形成、辅因子和维生素代谢以及抗生素合成方面存在组间途径差异。
本研究阐明了不同麻醉技术下儿童的口腔微生物群特征，并发现与Noa组相比，七氟醚组中 属有所富集。我们的研究结果为麻醉剂对儿童口腔微生物群的影响提供了新的见解。
