Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube 755-8505, Japan.
Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, The National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.
Nutrients. 2021 Dec 23;14(1):43. doi: 10.3390/nu14010043.
The Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top (JFGST) indicates optimal intake of five food groups (grain, fish and meat, vegetables, milk, and fruits) and sugar and confectionaries. We aimed to investigate whether adherence to the JFGST in 8th grade junior high school students ( = 3162) was associated with cardiometabolic risks and how different scorings of the JFGST influenced the associations. Metabolic risks were assessed from anthropometrics, blood pressure measurements, and blood glucose and lipid profile measurements. Three types of scoring adherent to the JFGST were analyzed (10 points were given for each item with optimal intake; range: 0-60): the original scoring (ORG scoring); first modified scoring, which had no upper limits for vegetables and fruits (MOD1 scoring); and MOD2 scoring without upper limits for five dishes (MOD2 scoring). The MOD2 scoring was positively associated with dietary fiber, potassium, calcium, and vitamins. All types of scorings were associated with low glucose levels ( ≤ 0.001); the MOD2 scoring was associated with low systolic blood pressure ( = 0.001) and low cardiometabolic risk ( = 0.003). Our findings suggest that Japanese adolescents adherent to the JFGST had low cardiometabolic risks and should not fall below lower limits for intake of the abovementioned five food groups.
日本食物指南陀螺（JFGST）指出了五类食物（谷物、鱼和肉、蔬菜、奶制品和水果）和糖及糖果的最佳摄入量。我们旨在研究 8 年级初中生（=3162）对 JFGST 的依从性是否与心血管代谢风险相关，以及 JFGST 的不同评分如何影响这些关联。代谢风险通过人体测量、血压测量以及血糖和血脂谱测量来评估。分析了三种符合 JFGST 的评分方式（每项最佳摄入量得 10 分；范围：0-60）：原始评分（ORG 评分）；不设蔬菜和水果上限的第一个改良评分（MOD1 评分）；以及不设五道菜上限的 MOD2 评分（MOD2 评分）。MOD2 评分与膳食纤维、钾、钙和维生素呈正相关。所有类型的评分都与低血糖水平相关（≤0.001）；MOD2 评分与低收缩压（=0.001）和低心血管代谢风险（=0.003）相关。我们的研究结果表明，遵循 JFGST 的日本青少年患心血管代谢风险较低，不应低于上述五类食物的最低摄入量下限。
