Padti Akshata Choudhari, Bhavi Santosh Mallikarjun, Thokchom Bothe, Singh Sapam Riches, Bhat Shivanand S, Harini B P, Sillanpää Mika, Yarajarla Ramesh Babu
Drosophila and Nanoscience Research Laboratory, Department of Applied Genetics, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, 580003, India.
Department of Botany, Smt. Indira Gandhi Government First Grade Women's College, Sagar, Karnataka, 577401, India.
Neurochem Res. 2025 Jan 20;50(1):80. doi: 10.1007/s11064-025-04333-x.
This review explores the intricate connections between Drosophila models and the human blood-brain barrier (BBB) with nanoparticle-based approaches for neurological treatment. Drosophila serves as a powerful model organism due to its evolutionary conservation of key biological processes, particularly in the context of the BBB, which is formed by glial cells that share structural and functional similarities with mammalian endothelial cells. Recent advancements in nanoparticle technology have highlighted their potential for effective drug delivery across the BBB, utilizing mechanisms such as passive diffusion, receptor-mediated transcytosis, and carrier-mediated transport. The ability to engineer nanoparticles with specific physicochemical properties-such as size, surface charge, and functionalization-enhances their targeting capabilities, particularly towards astrocytes, which play a crucial role in maintaining BBB integrity and responding to neuroinflammation. Insights gained from Drosophila studies have informed the design of personalized nanomedicine strategies aimed at treating neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's disease etc. As research progresses, the integration of findings from Drosophila models with emerging humanized BBB systems will pave the way for innovative therapeutic approaches that improve drug delivery and patient outcomes in neurological disorders.
本综述探讨了果蝇模型与人类血脑屏障（BBB）之间的复杂联系，以及基于纳米颗粒的神经治疗方法。果蝇是一种强大的模式生物，因为其关键生物过程在进化上具有保守性，特别是在血脑屏障方面，血脑屏障由与哺乳动物内皮细胞具有结构和功能相似性的神经胶质细胞形成。纳米颗粒技术的最新进展突出了其通过血脑屏障进行有效药物递送的潜力，利用了被动扩散、受体介导的转胞吞作用和载体介导的转运等机制。设计具有特定物理化学性质（如尺寸、表面电荷和功能化）的纳米颗粒的能力增强了它们的靶向能力，特别是对星形胶质细胞的靶向能力，星形胶质细胞在维持血脑屏障完整性和应对神经炎症方面起着关键作用。从果蝇研究中获得的见解为旨在治疗神经退行性疾病（包括阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病等）的个性化纳米医学策略的设计提供了信息。随着研究的进展，果蝇模型的研究结果与新兴的人源化血脑屏障系统的整合将为创新治疗方法铺平道路，这些方法可改善神经疾病中的药物递送和患者预后。
