Kutsenko Y, Iñiguez L P, Barreda A, Pardo-Marín L, Toval A, Garrigos D, Martínez-Morga M, Pujante S, Ribeiro Do-Couto B, Tseng K Y, Cerón J J, Garaulet M, Wisniewska M B, Irimia M, Ferran J L
Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, 30120, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, 30120, Spain.
Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, 08003, Spain.
Mol Metab. 2025 Mar;93:102100. doi: 10.1016/j.molmet.2025.102100. Epub 2025 Jan 18.
Circadian rhythms of metabolic, hormonal, and behavioral fluctuations and their alterations can impact health. An important gap in knowledge in the field is whether the time of the day of exercise and the age of onset of exercise exert distinct effects at the level of whole-body adipose tissue and body composition. The goal of the present study was to determine how exercise at different times of the day during adolescence impacts the adipose tissue transcriptome and content in a rodent model.
Rats were subjected to one of four conditions during their adolescence: early active phase control or exercise (EAC or EAE; ZT13), and late active phase control or exercise (LAC or LAE; ZT23). The effects of exercise timing were assessed at the level of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue transcriptome, body composition, hypothalamic expression of orexigenic and anorexigenic genes, blood serum markers and 24-hour core body temperature patterns.
We found that late active phase exercise (ZT23) greatly upregulated pathways of lipid synthesis, glycolysis and NADH shuttles in LAE rats, compared to LAC or EAE. Conversely, LAE rats showed notably lower content of adipose tissue. In addition, LAE rats showed signs of impaired FGF21-adiponectin axis compared to other groups.
Finally, LAE rats showed higher post-exercise core body temperature compared to other groups. Our results thus indicate that our exercise protocol induced an unusual effect characterized by enhanced lipid synthesis but reduced adipose tissue content in late active phase but not early active phase exercise during adolescence.
代谢、激素和行为波动的昼夜节律及其改变会影响健康。该领域知识的一个重要空白是，运动的时间以及开始运动的年龄在全身脂肪组织和身体成分水平上是否会产生不同的影响。本研究的目的是确定青春期一天中不同时间的运动如何影响啮齿动物模型中的脂肪组织转录组和含量。
大鼠在青春期接受以下四种条件之一：早期活跃期对照或运动（EAC或EAE；ZT13），以及晚期活跃期对照或运动（LAC或LAE；ZT23）。在皮下和内脏脂肪组织转录组、身体成分、促食欲和抑食欲基因的下丘脑表达、血清标志物以及24小时核心体温模式等水平上评估运动时间的影响。
我们发现，与LAC或EAE相比，晚期活跃期运动（ZT23）极大地上调了LAE大鼠的脂质合成、糖酵解和NADH穿梭途径。相反，LAE大鼠的脂肪组织含量明显较低。此外，与其他组相比，LAE大鼠显示出FGF21-脂联素轴受损的迹象。
最后，与其他组相比，LAE大鼠运动后的核心体温更高。因此，我们的结果表明，我们的运动方案在青春期晚期活跃期运动而非早期活跃期运动中诱导了一种不同寻常的效应，其特征是脂质合成增强但脂肪组织含量减少。
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