Yang Zixuan, Wu Feiyu, Fang Zhou
College of Marine Living Resource Sciences and Management, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
Mol Biol Rep. 2025 Jan 20;52(1):141. doi: 10.1007/s11033-025-10245-4.
Uroteuthis edulis is a significant economic cephalopod resource utilized by mainland China, Taiwan, and Japan. Understanding the population genetic structure of U.edulis is essential to evaluate the changes of its resource abundance. In this study, we used the COI gene as a marker to evaluate the population structure of U.edulis.
Molecular marker analysis indicated that the sampled individuals were categorized into three populations (ES1, ES2, and ES3). All populations exhibited high haplotype diversity indices (H) and low nucleotide diversity indices (P), with the ES2 population showing the lowest H and P values. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that genetic variation among populations accounted for 89.06% of the total variation. The phylogenetic tree illustrated distinct lineage clustering, with each population forming a separate clade. Combined with the biological information, it was observed that the majority of female individuals were larger in size and exhibited high sexual maturity. Male individuals displayed notable differences across populations: ES1 individuals were primarily small to medium-sized with low sexual maturity, ES2 individuals were mainly medium-sized with a relatively even distribution of sexual maturity, and ES3 individuals were predominantly large-sized with high sexual maturity.
The findings indicate substantial genetic differentiation and ecological variation among U.edulis.
Strengthen monitoring of population resources and genetic diversity, long-term tracking of changes, and the timely formulation of scientifically sound conservation and management measures to ensure the sustainable development in future.
剑尖枪乌贼是中国大陆、台湾和日本利用的重要经济头足类资源。了解剑尖枪乌贼的种群遗传结构对于评估其资源丰度的变化至关重要。在本研究中，我们使用细胞色素氧化酶亚基I（COI）基因作为标记来评估剑尖枪乌贼的种群结构。
分子标记分析表明，采样个体被分为三个种群（ES1、ES2和ES3）。所有种群均表现出高单倍型多样性指数（H）和低核苷酸多样性指数（P），其中ES2种群的H和P值最低。分子方差分析（AMOVA）显示，种群间的遗传变异占总变异的89.06%。系统发育树显示出明显的谱系聚类，每个种群形成一个单独的分支。结合生物学信息观察到，大多数雌性个体体型较大且性成熟度高。雄性个体在种群间表现出显著差异：ES1个体主要为中小型，性成熟度低；ES2个体主要为中型，性成熟度分布相对均匀；ES3个体主要为大型，性成熟度高。
研究结果表明剑尖枪乌贼种群间存在显著的遗传分化和生态变异。
加强对种群资源和遗传多样性的监测，长期跟踪变化情况，并及时制定科学合理的保护和管理措施，以确保未来的可持续发展。
