Yi Chang Ho, Yoon Moongeun, Kim Ji Min, Kim Il-Hun, Cho In-Young, An Hye Suck
National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon, 33662, Korea.
Genes Genomics. 2021 Jun;43(6):577-585. doi: 10.1007/s13258-021-01073-4. Epub 2021 Mar 22.
Mytilus coruscus Gould, 1861 is a mussel species in the family Mytilidae, native to the Northwest Pacific Ocean, ranging from the East China Sea, the Yellow Sea, and as far as the Peter the Great Gulf in the East Sea. In Korea, this species has been heavily exploited for nutrient-rich food resources and experienced severe reduction in their population.
The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure and to provide baseline data to facilitate the conservation and sustainable use of the vulnerable species M. coruscus in South Korea.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) sequences of 91 adult individuals from four islands and one coastal localities in South Korea were sequenced. We then compared genetic diversity and haplotype data with previously published Chinese wild populations.
Mytilus coruscus populations on Korean coasts were found to exhibit high genetic diversity despite concerns regarding recent population reduction. A total of 42 haplotypes were defined by 56 polymorphic sites. High-level genetic diversity was observed on four Island sites (Hd = 0.906-0.955, π = 0.0068-0.0090). The other seashore site represented relatively lower genetic diversity (Hd = 0.529, π = 0.0011) and was genetically differentiated from the others. In a previous study, wild populations on the East China Sea exhibited similarly high genetic diversity as that observed in our study. Additionally, Chinese M. coruscus populations exhibit a distinct regional haplotype distribution pattern while sharing six haplotypes with Korean populations.
The results of this study provide insights that further the current understanding regarding the evolution of M. coruscus species and provides comprehensive genetic data to facilitate the development of an effective conservation strategy.
波纹贻贝（Mytilus coruscus Gould，1861）是贻贝科的一种贻贝，原产于西北太平洋，分布于中国东海、黄海，直至东海的彼得大帝湾。在韩国，该物种因富含营养的食物资源而被大量开发，其种群数量急剧减少。
本研究旨在调查其遗传多样性和种群结构，并提供基线数据，以促进韩国濒危物种波纹贻贝的保护和可持续利用。
对来自韩国四个岛屿和一个沿海地区的91个成年个体的线粒体DNA（mtDNA）细胞色素c氧化酶I（COI）序列进行了测序。然后，我们将遗传多样性和单倍型数据与之前发表的中国野生种群数据进行了比较。
尽管近期韩国沿海的波纹贻贝种群数量有所减少，但仍表现出较高的遗传多样性。共定义了42个单倍型，由56个多态性位点组成。在四个岛屿位点观察到高水平的遗传多样性（Hd = 0.906 - 0.955，π = 0.0068 - 0.0090）。另一个海岸位点的遗传多样性相对较低（Hd = 0.529，π = 0.0011），并且在遗传上与其他位点有所分化。在之前的一项研究中，中国东海的野生种群表现出与我们研究中观察到的类似的高遗传多样性。此外，中国的波纹贻贝种群表现出独特的区域单倍型分布模式，同时与韩国种群共享六个单倍型。
本研究结果为深入了解波纹贻贝物种的进化提供了见解，并提供了全面的遗传数据，以促进制定有效的保护策略。
