美国社区医疗保险受益人的户外频率相关因素：一项横断面研究。
Factors Associated With Outdoor Frequency Among U.S. Community-Dwelling Medicare Beneficiaries: A Cross-Sectional Study.
作者信息
Sefcik Justine S, Coates Martha C, Petrovsky Darina V, Glasofer Amy, Okoye Safiyyah, Vader Daniel T, Moore Reneé H, Baker Zachary G, Ma Kris Pui Kwan, Rahemi Zahra, Bacsu Juanita-Dawne R, Smith Matthew Lee, DiMaria-Ghalili Rose Ann
出版信息
Res Gerontol Nurs. 2025 Jan-Feb;18(1):40-52. doi: 10.3928/19404921-20241211-06. Epub 2025 Jan 1.
PURPOSE
Despite the benefits of outdoor activity in older adults, a paucity of research explores factors associated with the frequency of older adults going outdoors. The aim of the current study was to investigate if factors of cognitive status, physical performance, and neighborhood characteristics were associated with outdoor frequency among older adults.
METHOD
This cross-sectional study used National Health and Aging Trends Study data to characterize outdoor frequency among Medicare beneficiaries by participant demographics, health, and neighborhood characteristics, and estimated relationships between participant factors and outdoor frequency.
RESULTS
The sample included 3,368 participants. The majority (51.6%) were aged 75 to 84 years and female (57.2%). Most (60.4%) participants went outside daily. Probable dementia, physical limitations, and presence of street disorder and sidewalk continuity were associated with decreased outdoor frequency.
CONCLUSION
Research is needed to develop interventions addressing neighborhood conditions and promoting outdoor activity among older adults living with dementia and physical limitations. [(1), 40-52.].
目的
尽管户外活动对老年人有益，但很少有研究探讨与老年人外出频率相关的因素。本研究的目的是调查认知状态、身体机能和邻里特征等因素是否与老年人的户外出行频率相关。
方法
这项横断面研究使用了国家健康与老龄化趋势研究数据，通过参与者的人口统计学特征、健康状况和邻里特征来描述医疗保险受益人的户外出行频率，并估计参与者因素与户外出行频率之间的关系。
结果
样本包括3368名参与者。大多数（51.6%）年龄在75至84岁之间，女性占57.2%。大多数（60.4%）参与者每天外出。可能患有痴呆症、身体受限以及街道混乱和人行道连贯性的存在与户外出行频率降低有关。
结论
需要开展研究以制定干预措施，改善邻里环境，并促进患有痴呆症和身体受限的老年人进行户外活动。[(1), 40 - 52.]
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