Insignares Iván, Rodríguez Luis E, Correa-Jiménez Óscar, Alfaro-Murillo Alberto, Rincón-Arenas Laura, Sánchez Andrés, Múnera Marlon
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Corporación Universitaria Rafael Núñez, Cartagena, Colombia.
Centros Médicos Colsanitas, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia.
Biomedica. 2024 Dec 23;44(Sp. 2):209-219. doi: 10.7705/biomedica.7570.
Autoimmune responses are characterized by the development of antibodies and the activation of T lymphocytes against self-antigens. This leads to an effector immune response against tissues expressing antigens, which are later recognized by the host immune system. Host antigens attacked by antibodies are called "autoantigens" and are of different kinds, including receptors, enzymes, and channel proteins. The autoimmune response is potentiated by cytokines that mediate the activation of Th1, Th2, or Th17 lymphocytes. The released cytokines can also be recognized as autoantigens, meaning they can be targets of the autoimmune response. The effects of autoimmunity on cytokines or their receptors are diverse, and the mechanisms of this type of autoimmune response are discussed in this review.
自身免疫反应的特征是产生针对自身抗原的抗体以及T淋巴细胞的激活。这会引发针对表达抗原的组织的效应免疫反应，而这些抗原随后会被宿主免疫系统识别。被抗体攻击的宿主抗原被称为“自身抗原”，种类繁多，包括受体、酶和通道蛋白。细胞因子会增强自身免疫反应，这些细胞因子介导Th1、Th2或Th17淋巴细胞的激活。释放的细胞因子也可被识别为自身抗原，这意味着它们可能成为自身免疫反应的靶点。自身免疫对细胞因子或其受体的影响多种多样，本文将探讨这类自身免疫反应的机制。
