Hofstätter Florian, Niedermeier Martin, Rausch Linda K, Kopp Martin, Simpson Lydia, Lawley Justin S
Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Physiol Rep. 2025 Jan;13(2):e70194. doi: 10.14814/phy2.70194.
Time-restricted feeding (TRF) and aerobic exercise are lifestyle interventions to prevent or manage different metabolic diseases. How these interventions interact, including the impact of meal timing, is not well understood. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of TRF on fat oxidation during exercise, whereby participants performed an 8-week fat-training program either in the fasted state or after a carbohydrate-based snack. 36 participants were randomized into three groups. (1) Training sessions were performed in the fasted state; (2) Training sessions were performed after consuming a standardized carbohydrate-based snack; (3) Exercise training with an ad libitum diet as a control group. Pre- and post-tests included anthropometric measurements and a fat-cycle-ergometry protocol to measure substrate oxidation. Data were analyzed as workload-matched and maximal fat oxidation using a series of mixed ANOVAs. Workload-matched (p = 0.038) and maximal (p < 0.001) fat oxidation improved in all groups. No significant group × time interactions were found in substrate utilization. Time had a significant effect on body weight (p = 0.011), fat mass (p < 0.001), and muscle mass (p < 0.001). Results suggest that fat exercise training leads to improvements in fat oxidative capacity independent of fed or fasted state.
限时进食（TRF）和有氧运动是预防或管理不同代谢性疾病的生活方式干预措施。这些干预措施如何相互作用，包括进餐时间的影响，目前尚不清楚。本研究的目的是研究限时进食对运动期间脂肪氧化的影响，参与者在禁食状态下或食用基于碳水化合物的零食后进行为期8周的脂肪训练计划。36名参与者被随机分为三组。（1）训练课程在禁食状态下进行；（2）在食用标准化的基于碳水化合物的零食后进行训练课程；（3）以自由饮食进行运动训练作为对照组。测试前和测试后包括人体测量和脂肪循环测力计协议以测量底物氧化。使用一系列混合方差分析将数据作为工作量匹配和最大脂肪氧化进行分析。所有组的工作量匹配（p = 0.038）和最大（p < 0.001）脂肪氧化均有所改善。在底物利用方面未发现显著的组×时间相互作用。时间对体重（p = 0.011）、脂肪量（p < 0.001）和肌肉量（p < 0.001）有显著影响。结果表明，脂肪运动训练可提高脂肪氧化能力，而与进食或禁食状态无关。
