Kasse Tsehaynew, Zenebe Selemaye, Agegnehu Yalemzer, Lonsako Arega Abebe
College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.
Front Public Health. 2025 Jan 7;12:1478707. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1478707. eCollection 2024.
Bronchial asthma is a global health problem in particular a respiratory condition characterized by broncho spasms that negatively affect the quality of life (QOL) of children. However, there is a paucity of data regarding the health-related quality of life of asthma in children in Ethiopia, and the study area.
The objective of this study was to assess the health-related quality of life among asthmatic children aged 7-17 in selected hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
An institutional-based analytical cross-sectional study involving 136 asthmatic children aged 7-17 years was conducted in the selected hospital in Addis Ababa, from February to April 2024. Respondents were chosen using a systematic random sampling method. Structured, interviewer-administered, and pretested questionnaires, were used to collect data. The data were coded and entered into Epi-Data 3.1 before being exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Logistic regression was employed to identify factors influencing health-related quality of life Statistical significance was set at < 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval.
The study found that 46% [95% CI: 37.6-54.4%] of the study participants had a poor quality of life. Factors associated with an increased likelihood of poor quality of life included caregivers' lack of formal education (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]: 1.39 [1.80-10.69]), a family history of asthma (AOR: 2.51 [1.46-4.299]), longer asthma duration (AOR: 3.47 [1.89-6.39]), uncontrolled asthma (AOR: 3.47 [1.89-6.39]), moderate persistent asthma (AOR: 2.4 [1.40-4.20]), and comorbidities (AOR: 2.4 [1.40-4.20]).
The study highlights almost half of asthmatic children had a poor quality of life in Addis Ababa. Factors such as caregivers' lack of formal education, a family history of asthma, longer duration and increased severity of asthma, uncontrolled asthma, and comorbidities were significantly associated with poor quality of life. Therefore, implementing targeted education programs, encouraging family history assessments, and strengthening comorbidity screening and management for children and their families in Addis Ababa are recommended.
支气管哮喘是一个全球性的健康问题，尤其是一种以支气管痉挛为特征的呼吸系统疾病，会对儿童的生活质量产生负面影响。然而，关于埃塞俄比亚以及研究地区儿童哮喘患者健康相关生活质量的数据却很匮乏。
本研究的目的是评估埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴选定医院中7至17岁哮喘儿童的健康相关生活质量。
2024年2月至4月，在亚的斯亚贝巴选定的医院开展了一项基于机构的分析性横断面研究，纳入了136名7至17岁的哮喘儿童。采用系统随机抽样方法选取受访者。使用结构化、由访谈员实施并经过预测试的问卷收集数据。数据进行编码后录入Epi-Data 3.1，然后导出至SPSS 25版本进行分析。采用逻辑回归来确定影响健康相关生活质量的因素，设定统计学显著性水平为<0.05，置信区间为95%。
研究发现，46%[95%置信区间：37.6 - 54.4%]的研究参与者生活质量较差。与生活质量差可能性增加相关的因素包括照顾者未接受正规教育（调整后比值比[AOR]：1.39[1.80 - 10.69]）、哮喘家族史（AOR：2.51[1.46 - 4.299]）、哮喘病程较长（AOR：3.47[1.89 - 6.39]）未控制的哮喘（AOR：3.47[1.89 - 6.39]）、中度持续性哮喘（AOR：2.4[1.40 - 4.20]）以及合并症（AOR：2.4[1.40 - 4.20]）。
该研究强调在亚的斯亚贝巴几乎一半的哮喘儿童生活质量较差。照顾者未接受正规教育、哮喘家族史、哮喘病程较长及严重程度增加、未控制的哮喘以及合并症等因素与生活质量差显著相关。因此，建议在亚的斯亚贝巴为儿童及其家庭实施针对性教育项目、鼓励进行家族史评估并加强合并症筛查及管理。
