Helaß Madeleine, Greinacher Anja, Genrich Melanie, Müller Andreas, Angerer Peter, Gündel Harald, Junne Florian, Nikendei Christoph, Maatouk Imad
Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.
Section of Psychosomatic Medicine, Psychotherapy and Psychooncology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Julius-Maximilian University Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Str. 6, Würzburg, 97080, Germany.
BMC Nurs. 2025 Jan 22;24(1):76. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-02712-x.
Supervisor-subordinate relationship is high relevant in dealing with work-related stress and providing a compassionate, high-quality, and safe nursing care while meeting the needs of the hospital. Our aim was to assess the predisposing risk and resilience factors of the stress of nursing staff as well as to explore the common and distinctive perceptions of these factors between nurses without a managerial position (nursing staff) and employees in a supervising position (nurse managers, ward nurses).
Generic qualitative study using half-standardized interviews.
Fifty nurses and supervisors from different departments from a German hospital of maximum medical care participated in this study between August and November 2018. Nineteen face-to-face interviews and five focus groups were conducted. Transcripts were subjected to structured qualitative content analysis.
Systematised in Lazarus's transactional model, nurses, and supervisors mentioned similar risk and resilience factors of stress. Disagreement in suggested responsibility for nurses' stress or health and an evaluation of implemented measures meeting the nurses' needs are discussed.
Nursing staff and supervisors should enforce exchange to reduce disagreements in perceptions and to improve mutual understanding. Furthermore, measures to meet nurses' needs to minimize stress and to improve collaboration and job satisfaction should be developed in close coordination with the target group. The focus should be placed on restructuring training and education programs with supplementation of self-responsibility promotion.
The study was registered with the German Register for Clinical Studies (DRKS 00013482) on 09 March 2018.
在满足医院需求的同时，处理与工作相关的压力并提供富有同情心、高质量且安全的护理服务方面，上下级关系高度相关。我们的目的是评估护理人员压力的诱发风险和恢复力因素，并探讨非管理岗位护士（护理人员）和管理岗位员工（护士长、病房护士）对这些因素的共同和独特认知。
采用半标准化访谈的一般定性研究。
2018年8月至11月期间，来自一家德国最大医疗护理医院不同科室的50名护士和主管参与了本研究。进行了19次面对面访谈和5次焦点小组讨论。对访谈记录进行结构化定性内容分析。
按照拉扎勒斯的交互模型进行系统化整理，护士和主管提到了类似的压力风险和恢复力因素。讨论了在护士压力或健康的建议责任以及对满足护士需求的实施措施的评估方面存在的分歧。
护理人员和主管应加强交流，以减少认知上的分歧并增进相互理解。此外，应与目标群体密切协调，制定满足护士需求的措施，以尽量减少压力并改善协作和工作满意度。重点应放在重组培训和教育计划并补充促进自我责任感方面。
该研究于2018年3月9日在德国临床研究注册中心（DRKS 00013482）注册。
