Zhang Hao, Li Lijun, Wang Chunqiong, Liu Qian, Chen Wen-Tong, Gao Sanshuang, Hu Guangzhi
Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China.
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China.
Nanoscale. 2025 Jan 29;17(5):2386-2407. doi: 10.1039/d4nr04108a.
The detection of heavy metals serves as a defence measure to safeguard the well-being of the human body and the ecological environment. Electrochemical sensors (ECS) offer significant benefits such as exceptional sensitivity, excellent selectivity, affordability, and portability. This review begins by elucidating the ECS principles and delves into recent advancements in the field of heavy metal detection, including the use of metal nanoparticles, carbon-based nanomaterials, and organic framework materials. Advanced materials enhance the sensitivity and selectivity of ECS, allowing it to efficiently and rapidly identify metallic contaminants in food and the environment. Finally, the future development of ECS and challenges encountered in the development process are discussed, and testing materials for the detection of heavy-metal ions for human health and environmental safety are comprehensively considered. This study is likely to attract the interest of environmentalists and those who prioritise human health.
重金属检测是保障人体健康和生态环境的一项防御措施。电化学传感器具有灵敏度高、选择性好、价格低廉和便于携带等显著优点。本综述首先阐明了电化学传感器的原理，并深入探讨了重金属检测领域的最新进展，包括金属纳米颗粒、碳基纳米材料和有机框架材料的应用。先进材料提高了电化学传感器的灵敏度和选择性，使其能够高效、快速地识别食品和环境中的金属污染物。最后，讨论了电化学传感器的未来发展以及开发过程中遇到的挑战，并全面考虑了用于检测重金属离子以保障人类健康和环境安全的测试材料。本研究可能会吸引环保人士以及重视人类健康的人士的关注。
