Sánchez-González Juan Luis, Sánchez-Rodríguez Juan Luis, González-Sarmiento Rogelio, Navarro-López Víctor, Juárez-Vela Raúl, Pérez Jesús, Martín-Vallejo Javier
Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Department of Physiotherapy, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
Faculty of Psychology, Department of Basic Psychology, Psychobiology and Methodology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
JMIR Aging. 2025 Jan 10;8:e64539. doi: 10.2196/64539.
Telomere length (TL) is a marker of cellular health and aging. Physical exercise has been associated with longer telomeres and, therefore, healthier aging. However, results supporting such effects vary across studies. Our aim was to synthesize existing evidence on the effect of different modalities and durations of physical exercise on TL.
The aim of this study was to explore the needs and expectations of individuals with physical disabilities and their interventionists for the use of a virtual reality physical activity platform in a community organization.
We performed an umbrella review and meta-analysis. Data sources included PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus. We selected systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized and nonrandomized controlled clinical trials evaluating the effect of physical exercise on TL.
Our literature search retrieved 12 eligible systematic reviews, 5 of which included meta-analyses. We identified 22 distinct primary studies to estimate the overall effect size of physical exercise on TL. The overall effect size was 0.28 (95% CI 0.118-0.439), with a heterogeneity test value Q of 43.08 (P=.003) and I² coefficient of 51%. The number of weeks of intervention explained part of this heterogeneity (Q_B=8.25; P=.004), with higher effect sizes found in studies with an intervention of less than 30 weeks. Exercise modality explained additional heterogeneity within this subgroup (Q_B=10.28, P=.02). The effect sizes were small for aerobic exercise and endurance training, and moderate for high-intensity interval training.
Our umbrella review and meta-analysis detected a small-moderate positive effect of physical exercise on TL, which seems to be influenced by the duration and type of physical exercise. High quality studies looking into the impact of standardized, evidence-based physical exercise programs on TL are still warranted.
端粒长度（TL）是细胞健康和衰老的一个标志。体育锻炼与更长的端粒相关，因此与更健康的衰老有关。然而，支持这种效应的研究结果在不同研究中有所不同。我们的目的是综合现有证据，探讨不同方式和持续时间的体育锻炼对端粒长度的影响。
本研究旨在探讨身体残疾者及其干预者对在社区组织中使用虚拟现实体育活动平台的需求和期望。
我们进行了一项综合性综述和荟萃分析。数据来源包括PubMed、Embase、科学网、Cochrane图书馆和Scopus。我们选择了评估体育锻炼对端粒长度影响的随机和非随机对照临床试验的系统评价和荟萃分析。
我们的文献检索找到了12项符合条件的系统评价，其中5项包括荟萃分析。我们确定了22项不同的主要研究，以估计体育锻炼对端粒长度的总体效应大小。总体效应大小为0.28（95%CI 0.118 - 0.439），异质性检验值Q为43.08（P = 0.003），I²系数为51%。干预周数解释了部分异质性（Q_B = 8.25；P = 0.004），在干预少于30周的研究中发现了更高的效应大小。运动方式解释了该亚组内的额外异质性（Q_B = 10.28，P = 0.02）。有氧运动和耐力训练的效应大小较小，高强度间歇训练的效应大小适中。
我们的综合性综述和荟萃分析发现体育锻炼对端粒长度有小到中等程度的积极影响，这似乎受体育锻炼的持续时间和类型影响。仍需要高质量的研究来探讨标准化的、基于证据的体育锻炼计划对端粒长度的影响。
