Plebon-Huff Sieara, Haji-Mohamed Hubi, Gardiner Helene, Ghanem Samantha, Koh Jessica, LeBlanc Allana G
Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, 785 Carling Ave, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0K9, Canada.
Curr Diab Rep. 2025 Jan 24;25(1):19. doi: 10.1007/s11892-024-01574-y.
The prevalence of diabetes is rising around the world and represents an important public health concern. Unlike individual-level risk and protective factors related to the etiology of diabetes, contextual risk factors have been much less studied. Identification of contextual factors related to the risk of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries may help health professionals, researchers, and policymakers to improve surveillance, develop policies and programs, and allocate funding.
Among 4,470 potential articles, 48 were included in this review. All reviews were published in English between 2005 and 2023 and were conducted in over 20 different countries. This review identified ten upstream contextual risk factors related to type 1 and type 2 diabetes risk, including income, employment, education, immigration, race/ethnicity, geography, rural/urban status, built environment, environmental pollution, and food security/environment. The ten upstream contextual risk factors identified this review may be integrated into diabetes research, surveillance and prevention activities to help promote better outcomes for people at risk or living with diabetes in OECD countries. Additional research is needed to better quantify the measures of associations between emerging key contextual factors and diabetes outcomes.
全球糖尿病患病率呈上升趋势，是一个重要的公共卫生问题。与糖尿病病因相关的个体层面风险和保护因素不同，背景风险因素的研究要少得多。识别经济合作与发展组织（OECD）国家中与1型和2型糖尿病风险相关的背景因素，可能有助于卫生专业人员、研究人员和政策制定者加强监测、制定政策和计划以及分配资金。
在4470篇潜在文章中，本综述纳入了48篇。所有综述均于2005年至2023年期间以英文发表，研究在20多个不同国家进行。本综述确定了与1型和2型糖尿病风险相关的10个上游背景风险因素，包括收入、就业、教育、移民、种族/民族、地理位置、农村/城市状况、建筑环境、环境污染以及粮食安全/环境。本综述确定的这10个上游背景风险因素可纳入糖尿病研究、监测和预防活动，以帮助经合组织国家中面临糖尿病风险或患有糖尿病的人群取得更好的结果。需要进一步研究，以更好地量化新出现的关键背景因素与糖尿病结局之间关联的衡量指标。
