Yotsova Ralitsa
Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University of Varna, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria.
Dent J (Basel). 2025 Jan 7;13(1):24. doi: 10.3390/dj13010024.
Post-extraction ridge resorption is an inevitable phenomenon that cannot be eliminated but is significantly reduced using additional surgical techniques known as socket preservation. They aim to create favorable conditions for implant placement and prosthetic restoration. This study aims to assess the effect of socket sealing (SS) with free gingival grafts on the vertical resorption of socket walls at the premolar and molar regions over 3 months. This randomized two-arm controlled trial with parallel groups (1:1 allocation) was conducted at the Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University-Varna, Bulgaria, from 27 June 2022 to 20 April 2023. Forty patients aged 30-65 were equally and randomly allocated to the SS or the control groups. Atraumatic tooth extraction was performed. In the control group, the socket was left on secondary wound healing. In the SS group, the socket orifice was "sealed" with an FGG harvested from the hard palate or maxillary tuberosity. Data analysis demonstrated that SS with an FGG is a successful method for reducing the post-extraction resorption of the socket walls. In addition, this study confirms that the thickness of the buccal wall is a significant factor in its vertical resorption. Socket sealing with an FGG is a valuable method that eliminates the need for flap reflection and compensates for the soft tissue deficit when immediate implant placement or bone augmentation is required. Further research is necessary to determine the role of different factors influencing bone resorption and compare the effect of different socket preservation methods.
拔牙后牙槽嵴吸收是一种不可避免的现象，无法消除，但可通过称为牙槽窝保存的额外外科技术显著减少。这些技术旨在为种植体植入和修复修复创造有利条件。本研究旨在评估使用游离牙龈移植进行牙槽窝封闭（SS）对前磨牙和磨牙区域牙槽窝壁垂直吸收在3个月内的影响。这项随机双臂平行组对照试验（1:1分配）于2022年6月27日至2023年4月20日在保加利亚瓦尔纳医科大学口腔外科进行。40名年龄在30至65岁之间的患者被平等随机分配到SS组或对照组。进行了无创拔牙。对照组中，牙槽窝任其二期愈合。在SS组中，牙槽窝口用从硬腭或上颌结节采集的游离牙龈移植进行“封闭”。数据分析表明，用游离牙龈移植进行牙槽窝封闭是减少拔牙后牙槽窝壁吸收的一种成功方法。此外，本研究证实颊壁厚度是其垂直吸收的一个重要因素。用游离牙龈移植进行牙槽窝封闭是一种有价值的方法，可避免翻瓣，在需要即刻种植或骨增量时弥补软组织缺损。有必要进行进一步研究以确定影响骨吸收的不同因素的作用，并比较不同牙槽窝保存方法的效果。
