Symvoulakis Emmanouil K, Bouloukaki Izolde, Christodoulakis Antonios, Aravantinou-Karlatou Antonia, Tsiligianni Ioanna
Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece.
Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Greece.
Curr Oncol. 2024 Dec 26;32(1):8. doi: 10.3390/curroncol32010008.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and delayed detection contributes to poor outcomes. Primary care plays a crucial role in early diagnosis, but detecting lung cancer early remains challenging for general practitioners (GPs). Therefore, the aim of this scoping review was to identify optimal strategies and pathways for lung cancer screening (LCS) in primary care settings globally. We conducted a scoping review by searching PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library for relevant studies published in the past 10 years. Our keywords included "lung cancer", "primary care", "early detection", "screening", "best practices", and "pathways". We included randomized controlled trials, cross-sectional studies, and cohort studies focused on lung cancer screening in primary care. We extracted data on study characteristics, screening pathways, and key findings. We identified 18 studies that met our inclusion criteria. Important strategies for LCS included the use of shared decision-making tools, electronic health record (HER) prompts, risk prediction models, community outreach, and integration with smoking cessation programs. Barriers to implementation included the lack of provider familiarity with guidelines, time constraints, and patient factors. Healthcare professionals and policy makers in primary care settings can leverage this information to integrate the most effective screening strategies into their care, thus enhancing early detection rates and subsequently reducing global lung cancer morbidity and mortality.
肺癌是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因，而检测延迟会导致不良后果。初级保健在早期诊断中起着关键作用，但对于全科医生（GP）来说，早期检测肺癌仍然具有挑战性。因此，本范围综述的目的是确定全球初级保健环境中肺癌筛查（LCS）的最佳策略和途径。我们通过在PubMed、Scopus和Cochrane图书馆中搜索过去10年发表的相关研究进行了范围综述。我们的关键词包括“肺癌”、“初级保健”、“早期检测”、“筛查”、“最佳实践”和“途径”。我们纳入了关注初级保健中肺癌筛查的随机对照试验、横断面研究和队列研究。我们提取了关于研究特征、筛查途径和主要发现的数据。我们确定了18项符合我们纳入标准的研究。LCS的重要策略包括使用共同决策工具、电子健康记录（HER）提示、风险预测模型、社区外展以及与戒烟计划相结合。实施的障碍包括提供者对指南不熟悉、时间限制和患者因素。初级保健环境中的医疗保健专业人员和政策制定者可以利用这些信息将最有效的筛查策略纳入他们的护理中，从而提高早期检测率，进而降低全球肺癌的发病率和死亡率。
