Trombetti Silvia, Cimbalo Alessandra, Grosso Michela, Vila-Donat Pilar, Mañes Jordi, Manyes Lara
Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Biotech Agrifood, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
Toxins (Basel). 2025 Jan 9;17(1):29. doi: 10.3390/toxins17010029.
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and Ochratoxin A (OTA) are considered the most important mycotoxins in terms of food safety. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatotoxicity of AFB1 and OTA exposure in Wistar rats and to assess the beneficial effect of fermented whey (FW) and pumpkin (P) as functional ingredients through a proteomic approach. For the experimental procedures, rats were fed AFB1 and OTA individually or in combination, with the addition of FW or a FW-P mixture during 28 days. For proteomics analysis, peptides were separated using a LC-MS/MS-QTOF system and differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were statistically filtered ( < 0.05) distinguishing males from females. Gene ontology visualization allowed the identification of proteins involved in important biological processes such as the response to xenobiotic stimuli and liver development. Likewise, KEGG pathway analysis reported the metabolic routes as the most affected, followed by carbon metabolism and biosynthesis of amino acids. Overall, the results highlighted a strong downregulation of DEPs in the presence of AFB1 and OTA individually but not with the mixture of both, suggesting a synergistic effect. However, FW and P have helped in the mitigation of processes triggered by mycotoxins.
就食品安全而言，黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB1）和赭曲霉毒素A（OTA）被认为是最重要的霉菌毒素。本研究的目的是评估AFB1和OTA暴露对Wistar大鼠的肝毒性，并通过蛋白质组学方法评估发酵乳清（FW）和南瓜（P）作为功能成分的有益作用。在实验过程中，大鼠分别或联合喂食AFB1和OTA，并在28天内添加FW或FW-P混合物。对于蛋白质组学分析，使用LC-MS/MS-QTOF系统分离肽段，并对差异表达蛋白（DEP）进行统计学筛选（<0.05），以区分雄性和雌性。基因本体可视化有助于识别参与重要生物过程的蛋白质，如对外源生物刺激的反应和肝脏发育。同样，KEGG通路分析表明代谢途径受影响最大，其次是碳代谢和氨基酸生物合成。总体而言，结果突出显示，单独存在AFB1和OTA时DEP有强烈下调，但两者混合时则不然，这表明存在协同效应。然而，FW和P有助于减轻霉菌毒素引发的过程。
