Lyu Tu, Zhao Dong, He Guanglong
Key Laboratory of Evidence Science (China University of Political Science and Law), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100088, China.
Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, 100038, China.
Int J Legal Med. 2025 May;139(3):1301-1311. doi: 10.1007/s00414-025-03423-3. Epub 2025 Jan 24.
China's forensic pathology standardization has accumulated more than 30 years of experience, but there is limited research summarizing the features and detailed information concerning these standards. In this paper, we collected documents on forensic pathology standards and statistically analyzed their types, effective scopes, drafting units, authorization departments, promulgation times, revision cycles, and other information. All of the standards information was obtained from standardization websites and databases. Since the first national standardization committee of forensic science established in 1991, a total of thirty-six forensic pathology standards have been published, including one national standard, thirty-one sector standards, and four enterprise standards. Among them, twenty-four standards were currently valid, while another twelve had been repealed. There were two management standards and thirty-four technical standards. The minimum revision cycle for standards was nine years, and the maximum cycle was twenty-three years. The standards system of forensic pathology had been primarily established, and the public welfare attributes of standardization were strengthened. However, some challenges still await positive actions, such as resolving the relative deficiencies of basic and management standards, satisfying the requirements for national standards, and advancing the delayed revisions of standards. In the future, we should continue to promote national standards for forensic pathology, actively absorb advanced international experience, strengthen the construction of basic and management standards, and fully encourage the flexibility, efficiency, and pioneer of standards dominated by associations, enterprises, and other organizations.
中国法医病理学标准化工作已积累了30多年的经验，但对这些标准的特点和详细信息进行总结的研究有限。本文收集了法医病理学标准文件，并对其类型、有效范围、起草单位、授权部门、发布时间、修订周期等信息进行了统计分析。所有标准信息均来自标准化网站和数据库。自1991年第一届全国法医学标准化技术委员会成立以来，共发布了36项法医病理学标准，包括1项国家标准、31项行业标准和4项企业标准。其中，现行有效标准24项，另有12项已废止。有2项管理标准和34项技术标准。标准的最短修订周期为9年，最长周期为23年。法医病理学标准体系已初步建立，标准化的公益属性得到加强。然而，仍有一些挑战有待积极应对，如解决基础标准和管理标准相对不足的问题、满足国家标准的要求以及推进滞后标准的修订。未来，应继续推动法医病理学国家标准的制定，积极吸收国际先进经验，加强基础标准和管理标准建设，充分鼓励协会、企业等组织主导的标准的灵活性、效率性和先导性。
