Micó-Pérez Rafael Manuel, Hernández Segura Natalia, Martín-Sánchez Vicente, Barquilla-García Alfonso, Velilla-Zancada Sonsoles M, Polo-García José, Prieto-Díaz Miguel Ángel, Pallares-Carratala Vicente, Segura-Fragoso Antonio, Ginel-Mendoza Leovigildo, Cinza-Sanjurjo Sergio
Xàtiva-Ontinyent Department of Health, Specialist in Family and Community Medicine, Fontanars dels Alforins Health Center, Valencia, Spain.
Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de León, León, Spain.
PLoS One. 2025 Jan 24;20(1):e0317593. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0317593. eCollection 2025.
To determine the relationship between self-reported physical activity and the components of premorbid metabolic syndrome in patients treated in primary care according to sex.
Cross-sectional descriptive study conducted on a sample of 2,359 patients without cardiovascular disease or diabetes, included in the cohort of the IBERICAN study. Using ANOVA models and adjusting for age, economic status, employment situation, level of education, adherence to a Mediterranean diet, tobacco use and alcohol consumption, we estimated the association of the variables blood pressure, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, blood glucose and waist circumference with the self-reported level of physical activity (sedentary, moderate, high, very high). The analyses were performed stratifying by sex.
A total of 854 men and 1,505 women with no identified diseases were included. Women were more sedentary than men (p<0.004; OR = 1,35; IC95% = 1,10-1,65) and presented lower values in all the components of the metabolic syndrome, except for HDL-cholesterol, which was higher (p<0.001). The adjusted ANOVA model shows that diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, fasting blood glucose, and waist circumference were significantly lower the higher the level of physical activity in both men and women (p<0.05).
Patients served in primary care clinics without diabetes or cardiovascular disease and with high levels of physical activity showed better metabolic syndrome profiles. Given that women are more sedentary, gender approaches are needed in the promotion of physical activity to prevent metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease.
根据性别确定在初级保健机构接受治疗的患者自我报告的身体活动与病前代谢综合征各组分之间的关系。
对纳入伊比利亚研究队列的2359例无心血管疾病或糖尿病的患者样本进行横断面描述性研究。使用方差分析模型，并对年龄、经济状况、就业情况、教育水平、坚持地中海饮食、吸烟和饮酒情况进行校正，我们估计了血压、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血糖和腰围等变量与自我报告的身体活动水平（久坐、中度、高度、非常高）之间的关联。分析按性别分层进行。
共纳入854例男性和1505例未确诊疾病的女性。女性比男性久坐时间更长（p<0.004；OR = 1.35；95%CI = 1.10 - 1.65），并且除高密度脂蛋白胆固醇较高外（p<0.001），代谢综合征的所有组分的值均较低。校正后的方差分析模型显示，男性和女性的身体活动水平越高，则舒张压、甘油三酯、空腹血糖和腰围显著越低（p<0.05）。
在初级保健诊所就诊的无糖尿病或心血管疾病且身体活动水平较高的患者表现出更好的代谢综合征特征。鉴于女性久坐时间更长，在促进身体活动以预防代谢综合征和心血管疾病方面需要采用针对性别的方法。
