Wang Tianyang, Cui Runzi, Yu Hai-Fan, Yang Dian, Zhang Shuting, Nie Yuzhe, Teng Chun-Bo
Laboratory of Animal Developmental Biology, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
Laboratory of Animal Developmental Biology, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
Toxicon. 2025 Feb;255:108262. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2025.108262. Epub 2025 Jan 22.
Aflatoxin (AF) is a toxic metabolite produced by the fungus Aspergillus. The various subtypes of AFs include B1, B2, G1, G2, M1, and M2, with Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) being the most toxic. These AFs are widespread in the environment, particularly in soil and food crops. The World Health Organization (WHO) has classified AFB1 as a highly potent natural Class 1A carcinogen. Excessive exposure to AFB1 can lead to poisoning in both humans and animals, posing substantial risks to food safety and livestock breeding industries. This review provides an overview of the metabolic processes, detection methods, and the detrimental impacts of AFB1 on animal reproduction, immunity, nerves, intestines, and metabolism. Furthermore, it explores the preventive and control capacities of natural active substances, trace elements, and microorganisms against AFB1. Ultimately, this paper serves as a reference for further research on the pathogenic mechanism of AFB1, the development of preventive drugs, and the selection of effective detoxification measures for AFB1 in animal feed.
黄曲霉毒素（AF）是由曲霉菌产生的一种有毒代谢产物。AF的各种亚型包括B1、B2、G1、G2、M1和M2，其中黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB1）毒性最强。这些AF在环境中广泛存在，尤其是在土壤和粮食作物中。世界卫生组织（WHO）已将AFB1列为高度强效的天然1A类致癌物。过量接触AFB1会导致人和动物中毒，对食品安全和畜牧业造成重大风险。本综述概述了AFB1的代谢过程、检测方法及其对动物繁殖、免疫、神经、肠道和代谢的有害影响。此外，还探讨了天然活性物质、微量元素和微生物对AFB1的预防和控制能力。最终，本文为进一步研究AFB1的致病机制、预防性药物的开发以及动物饲料中AFB1有效解毒措施的选择提供参考。
