Gong Haiqing, Yin Yulong, Chen Zhong, Zhang Qingsong, Tian Xingshuai, Wang Zihan, Wang Yingcheng, Cui Zhenling
State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, PR China.
Nat Commun. 2025 Jan 24;16(1):976. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-56178-1.
Sustainable phosphorus (P) management is essential for ensuring crop production while avoiding environmental damage and the depletion of phosphate rock reserves. Despite local demonstration scale successes, the widespread mobilization of smallholder farmers to adopt sustainable management practices remains a challenge, primarily due to the associated high costs and complicated sampling. Here, we propose a dynamic optimization of soil P status (DOP) approach aimed at managing long-term soil P status within the range of agronomic and environmental soil P thresholds, which facilitates the precise determination of optimal P application rates without the need for frequent soil testing. We evaluate the DOP approach in 35,575 on-farm trials, and the results show that it is agronomically acceptable. Our evaluation extends to estimating future soil P status and P fertilizer inputs across all counties in China for three cereal crops (wheat, rice, and maize). The results indicate that, compared to current practices, the DOP approach can achieve a 47.4% reduction in P fertilizer use without any yield penalty. The DOP approach could become an effective tool for global P management to safeguard food security and enhance environmental sustainability.
可持续磷（P）管理对于确保作物产量、避免环境破坏以及磷矿储量枯竭至关重要。尽管在当地示范规模上取得了成功，但要广泛动员小农户采用可持续管理做法仍然是一项挑战，主要原因是相关成本高昂且采样复杂。在此，我们提出一种土壤磷状况动态优化（DOP）方法，旨在将土壤长期磷状况控制在农艺和环境土壤磷阈值范围内，这有助于精确确定最佳施磷量，而无需频繁进行土壤测试。我们在35575个田间试验中评估了DOP方法，结果表明其在农艺上是可接受的。我们的评估还扩展到对中国所有县三种谷类作物（小麦、水稻和玉米）未来土壤磷状况和磷肥投入的估计。结果表明，与当前做法相比，DOP方法可在不影响产量的情况下使磷肥使用量减少47.4%。DOP方法可能成为全球磷管理的有效工具，以保障粮食安全并增强环境可持续性。
