Tan Dan, Zhong Wenxi, Ma Li, Cheng Jing, Mao Xianjun, Zhang Xi, Tang Jian, Fan Song, Cao Bianchuan, Chen Yanhua
School of Nursing, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
Pain Management Department, The Traditional Chinese Medicine of Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Jan 24;25(1):313. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-21492-2.
Achieving viral suppression through effective treatment adherence is critical for adolescents with HIV; however, the role of treatment adherence self-efficacy-an individual's confidence in their ability to consistently follow antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens-remains under-explored among Chinese adolescents. This gap is particularly concerning given the United Nations' "95-95-95" targets to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030.
The aim of this study is to investigate the treatment adherence self-efficacy levels of Yi ethnic adolescents with HIV in a county in Liangshan Prefecture, and to explore the association between self-acceptance, emotion regulation, and treatment adherence self-efficacy.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in a county of Liangshan Prefecture from November 2023 to March 2024. A convenience sampling method was used to select 205 participants. Multiple linear regression models were employed to examine the relationships between demographic variables, self-acceptance, emotion regulation and treatment adherence self-efficacy. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
The study involved 205 participants (response rate: 96%) with an average age of 14.08 years. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) treatment adherence self-efficacy score of the study participants was 73.09 (± 16.37). Treatment adherence self-efficacy was significantly associated with factors such as residence [β = -0.174, 95% CI = (-13.841, -2.260)], occupation [β = 3.234, 95% CI = (7.061, 29.137)], and age [β = 0.312, 95% CI =(0.742, 2.502)]. In addition, self-acceptance and emotion regulation were positively correlated with treatment adherence self-efficacy. For each unit increase in self-acceptance, treatment adherence self-efficacy improved [β = 0.157; 95% CI =(0.081, 0.892)], and for each unit increase in emotion regulation, treatment adherence self-efficacy also improved [β = 0.314; 95% CI = (0.288, 0.724)].
This study highlighted that several factors, including place of residence, occupation, age, self-acceptance, and emotion regulation, were significantly associated with treatment adherence self-efficacy among adolescents with HIV. Notably, self-acceptance and emotion regulation were positively correlated with treatment adherence self-efficacy. Enhancing treatment adherence self-efficacy in this population could be achieved by focusing on improving self-acceptance and emotion regulation. Furthermore, interventions aimed at increasing treatment adherence self-efficacy should prioritize rural areas, non-student populations, and younger adolescents, as these groups tend to exhibit lower adherence self-efficacy. Tailored interventions that address the specific needs of these subgroups could contribute to improved health outcomes and more effective HIV management among adolescents.
通过有效坚持治疗实现病毒抑制对于感染艾滋病毒的青少年至关重要；然而，治疗依从性自我效能感（即个体对其持续遵循抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）方案能力的信心）在中国青少年中的作用仍未得到充分探索。鉴于联合国到2030年终结艾滋病流行的“95-95-95”目标，这一差距尤其令人担忧。
本研究旨在调查凉山州某县彝族感染艾滋病毒青少年的治疗依从性自我效能水平，并探讨自我接纳、情绪调节与治疗依从性自我效能之间的关联。
于2023年11月至2024年3月在凉山州某县进行了一项横断面研究。采用便利抽样方法选取205名参与者。运用多元线性回归模型来检验人口统计学变量、自我接纳、情绪调节与治疗依从性自我效能之间的关系。p值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
该研究纳入了205名参与者（应答率：96%），平均年龄为14.08岁。研究参与者的治疗依从性自我效能得分均值±标准差为73.09（±16.37）。治疗依从性自我效能与居住地[β = -0.174，95%置信区间=（-13.841，-2.260）]、职业[β = 3.234，95%置信区间=（7.061，29.137）]和年龄[β = 0.312，95%置信区间=（0.742，2.502）]等因素显著相关。此外，自我接纳和情绪调节与治疗依从性自我效能呈正相关。自我接纳每增加一个单位，治疗依从性自我效能提高[β = 0.157；95%置信区间=（0.081，0.892）]，情绪调节每增加一个单位，治疗依从性自我效能也提高[β = 0.314；95%置信区间=（0.288，0.724）]。
本研究强调，包括居住地、职业、年龄、自我接纳和情绪调节在内的多个因素与感染艾滋病毒青少年的治疗依从性自我效能显著相关。值得注意的是，自我接纳和情绪调节与治疗依从性自我效能呈正相关。通过关注提高自我接纳和情绪调节，可以增强该人群的治疗依从性自我效能。此外，旨在提高治疗依从性自我效能的干预措施应优先考虑农村地区、非学生人群和年龄较小的青少年，因为这些群体的依从性自我效能往往较低。针对这些亚组的特定需求进行量身定制的干预措施，可能有助于改善青少年的健康结局并实现更有效的艾滋病毒管理。
